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AP World History > Chapter 9: Industrialization around the World > Flashcards

Chapter 9: Industrialization around the World Flashcards

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1
Q

What happens when industrialization occurs?

A
  • everything expands faster and populates
  • immediate access to goods
  • discrimination of different social classes
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2
Q

Mass production

A

-greatest, quickest, and most production
-more and more average and lower people start to afford more

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3
Q

enclosure movement

A
  • took the common owners land and allowed it to be privately owned
  • small community farmers lost their land and had to adjust to a whole new way of life, find a job

-CITIES GREW AND WORKED IN FACTORIES(didn’t require new skill or to learn new stuff)

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4
Q

Social Changes And Pyramid

A

1) Aristocracy: businessmen
2) Middle Class: Smaller businessmen
3) Lower Middle Class: unemployed women and men
4) Laborers and peasants

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5
Q

Class consciousness

A
  • being aware where everyone lives in their class
    -create similarities to each other
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6
Q

key to capitalism

A

competition
- pricing= better deals

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7
Q

industrialization in Russia: Main focuses…

A

-railroads
-foreign investment

Where: St. Petersburg, Kiev, and Moscow

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8
Q

Russia’s Major industries

A

-steel
-coal
-oil
-textiles

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9
Q

Why don’t the businessmen and professionals(growing middle class) like the TSAR?

A
  • no rebellion because it keeps contracts and workers in check
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10
Q

Who created the soviets?

A

-factory workers who had a major sense of class consciousness that made them easily susceptible to radicalizing

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11
Q

Industrialism in Latin America: Why was their political life unstable?

A

conservatives: wanted to support status quo
liberals: wanted to get rid of Catholic church, social reforms, and federalism

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12
Q

What were some of their struggles?

A

-decimated populations
-farms abandoned
-international trade and foreign investment declined

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13
Q

Export Boom in Latin America

A
  • the goods are leaving country and its not beneficial because investment isn’t going back to them
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14
Q

Major LA exports

A

Central America: bananas
Cuba: sugar
Bolivia: tin

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15
Q

Why didn’t industrial revolution take place in Mexico?

A

-had small market for manufactured goods
- their population was poor
- no incentive to invest in manufacaturing

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16
Q

Why were LA economies reliant on foreign investment?

A

-led to new form of colonialism
-indirect imperialism»economic control

17
Q

Colonialsm in asia, africa, and oceania imperialism

A

-connecting industialism and imperialism
-imperialism wouldn’t happen without industrialism

18
Q

Why did Europeans intentionally create racism?

A

-they based it off of where you came from and where you were in the social ladder

  • they tried to base it off of science for ‘proof’
19
Q

imperialism

A

open up new areas to absorb excess population and create new markets for products

-building an empire

20
Q

new technologies

A

-steam engine; without it not able to get up river, wouldn’t get to africa to access all the goods they possess
-underwater telegraph
-malaria drug quinine
-improved weapons
-suez canal

21
Q

goals of imperialism

A

-desperation> makes people make interesting decisions; no one stuck up for other colonies getting colonized because they benefit from it

-used new tone of language to make themselves feel more superior

22
Q

communism

A
  • command economy
    -gov/public economy
    decisions: government
23
Q

capitalism

A

-market/free market economy
-private ownership
decisions: private individuals

24
Q

socialism

A

-mixed economy
-combo
decisions: both

25
Q

Marxism

A

karl’s version of socialism but considered communism

26
Q

colonialism= ?

A

imperialism> empire building

27
Q

Whose in direct control?

A

-local government officials
-limited self-rule
goal: develop future leaders
-gov. based on European styles but may nave local rules

28
Q

Whose in direct control?

A

-foreign officials brought into rule
-no self-rule
goal: assimilate
-gov. based only on european styles

29
Q

What changes did the European conquests have?

A

1) focus not only on W. Hemisphere
2) portugal and spain are not leading the way 3) now germany, italy, belgium. US, and japan have colonial powers
4) trying to rule indirectly rather than through formal government structures

30
Q

What continuities did the Euorpean conquests have?

A

1) colonialism involved with military force or threat of it by powers that had overthrowing military strength
2) france and britain had biggest colonial networks
3) natives lost political and economic sovereignty
4) introductions of new diseases towards new areas

31
Q

colonial life under european rule

A

trauma: loss of a life, homes, cattl, crops, land
-took advantage to gain notriety or wealth
-used for employment, status, and security

32
Q

What is a europeanized class?

A

-education from europeans and missionaries eroded traditional cultures
-eventually took the place of the local cheifs who were acting

33
Q

indian rebellion (1857-1858)

A

sepoy rebellion/mutiny
-rebellion to colonization

34
Q

Who opposed british colonization?

A

-local rulers who lost power
-landowners who lost estates and lent
-peasants exploited and overtaxed by urbanites
-unemployed weavers displaced by machines
-religious leaders against missionary activity
soldiers who were asked to switch to pig and cow fat

35
Q

british colonization led to?

A

-widened racial divide in india between indians and britains
-more conservative decisions started to be made on fear of another rebellion\
-led to direct control instead of indirect

36
Q

why are these empires distinctive from earlier empires?

A

-degreee to emphasizing race
-ability of colonial gov. to change daily lives of average colonists
ex: taxing, missionary work, technology
-desire to count and classify colonists
-colonized groups of gender and race
ex: masculinity and whites on top of social status
-colonial policies contradicted at home policies
ex: reluctant to encourage innovation and modernization

37
Q

What powers do colonizers have?

A

-power to tax> land, goods, and money
- seize land for European business; lose land they own and have no say in it
-require labor> even unpaid, forced labor
-build infrastructure> railroads, ports, roads
-control/regulate economic activity; artisans, farmers, small merchants change way of how they live

AP World History (1 decks)

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