Chapter 9: General Survey & Measurement

Question 1

What is a general survey?

Answer 1

Study of the whole person

Question 2

What objective data do we look at in a general survey? (5)

Answer 2

• physical appearance
• body structure
• mobility
• behavior
• measurements (weight, height, etc.)

Question 3

What do we look for in a patient’s physical appearance? (6)

Answer 3

• age
• sex
• level of consciousness
• skin color
• facial features
• overall appearance

Question 4

What do we look for in a patient’s body structure? (6)

Answer 4

• stature
• nutrition
• symmetry
• posture
• position
• body, build, contour

Question 5

What do we check for when assessing a patient’s mobility? (4)

Answer 5

• gait
• foot placement
• range of motion
• involuntary movements

Question 6

What do we check for when assessing a patient’s behavior? (5)

Answer 6

• facial expression
• mood and affect
• speech
• dress
• personal hygiene

Question 7

What objective data can we collect regarding a patient’s measurements? (4)

Answer 7

• weight
• height
• BMI
• waist circumference

Question 8

From where is waist circumference measured from?

Answer 8

Below rib cage and above iliac crest

Question 9

What does r/t mean?

Answer 9

related to

Question 10

Describe a general survey r/t infants and children (4):

Answer 10

• interpret based on age & developmental ability
• behavior and caregiver bonding
• measurement (weight & length)
• physical growth (CDC growth charts)

Question 11

Describe a general survey r/t aging adults (2):

Answer 11

• normal consequences of aging (r/t posture & gait)
• measurement (weight & height)

Question 12

List abnormalities related to body height and proportion (8):

Answer 12

• dwarfism
• gigantism
• acromegaly
• anorexia nervosa
• bulimia nervosa
• endogenous obesity
• cushing’s syndrome
• marfan syndrome

Question 13

Describe hypopituitary dwarfism (4):

Answer 13

• deficiency in GH during childhood
• retardation of growth below the 3rd percentile
• delayed puberty
• hypothyroidism

Question 14

Describe Gigantism (4):

Answer 14

• excessive GH secretion during childhood
• overgrowth of the entire body
• delayed sexual development
• increased weight

Question 15

Describe Achondroplastic Dwarfism (5):

Answer 15

• convert cartilage to bone
• normal trunk, short extremities & stature, large head
• thoracic kyphosis
• lumbar lordosis
• abdominal protrusion

Question 16

What are the two types of dwarfism?

Answer 16

• hypopituitary
• achondroplastic

Question 17

Describe acromegaly (5):

Answer 17

• excessive GH in adulthood
• overgrowth of bone in face, head, hands, and feet
• no change in height
• internal organs enlarged
• metabolic disorders (diabetes mellitus)

Question 18

Describe Anorexia Nervosa (3):

Answer 18

• mental health disorder -> severe weight loss
• behavior: distorted body image, aversion to food, etc.
• results in amenorrhea in females

Question 19

Describe Bulimia nervosa ():

Answer 19

• mental health disorder causing binge eating & purging
• self-induced vomiting or laxatives
• normal body weight or slightly overweight
• electrolyte imbalance, erosion of tooth enamel
• behaviors: excessive eating & exercise, peculiar eating habits, etc.

Question 20

Describe Endogenous Obesity/Cushing Syndrome (5):

Answer 20

• excessive ACTH which then causes excess cortisol secretion
• weight gain and edema with central trunk & cervical obesity
• thin arms and legs
• reduced height
• thin, fragile skin

Question 21

Describe Marfan syndrome (5):

Answer 21

• inherited connective tissue disorder
• tall, thin stature (>95th percentile)
• long, thin fingers
• hyperextensible joints
• arm span greater than height

Question 22

What complications do we worry about r/t
Marfan syndrome?

Answer 22

Cardiovascular complications (mitral regurgitation, aortic dissection, aortic dilation)

Question 23

What does arachnodactyly mean?

Answer 23

Long, thin fingers