Chapter 9 - Endocrine system

Question 0

6 major glands

Answer 0

pituitary 
thyroid
parathyroid
adrenal 
pineal 
thymus

Question 1

major difference between neurotransmitters and hormones

Answer 1

hormones are secreted into the blood

Question 2

3 major organs with endocrine function

Answer 2

pancreas
gonads- ovaries/ testes
hypothalamus

Question 3

2 major mechanisms in hormone

Answer 3

1. second messenger protein hormones

2. direct gene activation steroid and thyroid hormones

Question 4

second messenger

Answer 4

protein hormones cant enter cell hormone

Question 5

cAMP second messenger

Answer 5

G protein> adenylate cyclase>protein kinases>phosphorylate proteins>altered enzyme activity

Question 6

direct gene activation

Answer 6

steroid hormones are lipid soluble, so they can diffuse through the cell membrane since the cell membrane is made of fat

Question 7

target cells

Answer 7

hormones can only influence certain cells. target cell has a receptor for a certain hormone.

Question 8

control of hormone release

Answer 8

negative feedback.

hormone secretion is triggered by some internal or external stimulus

Question 9

3 types of endocrine gland stimuli

Answer 9

1. humoral
2. neural
3. hormonal

Question 10

humoral stimuli

Answer 10

secretion of hormones in direct response to hanging blood levels of ions and nutrients

Question 11

neural stimuli

Answer 11

nerve fibers stimulate hormone release

Question 12

hormonal stimuli

Answer 12

hormones stimulate other endocrine organs to release their hormones

Question 13

pituitary dwarfism

Answer 13

hyposecretion of GH during childhood

Question 14

gigantism

Answer 14

hypersecretion during childhood

Question 15

Prolactin

Answer 15

protein hormone known for targeting humans breasts

Question 16

Adrencorticotropic hormone

Answer 16

regulates the endocrine activity of the cortex portion of the adrenal gland

Question 17

posterior pituitary

Answer 17

stores hormones made by the hypothalamus

1. oxytocin
2. Antidiuretic hormone

Question 18

Oxytocin

Answer 18

stimulate uterine contractions and milk ejection

positive feedback mechanisms

Question 19

Antidiuretic hormone

Answer 19

inhibits urine production

Question 20

thyroid gland

Answer 20

base of throat
stimulates metabolism
regulated by the hypothalamus