Chapter 9 Australian federalism

Question 1

Federalism is divided _________

Answer 1

sovereignty

Question 2

Federalist model which describes a situation where each government level retains autonomy and there is little cooperation between the levels of government

Answer 2

coordinate federalism

Question 3

A situation where the central government is very powerful and regional governments lack autonomoy

Answer 3

coercive federalism

Question 4

This Chapter of the Constitution preserves the States, their governments and court systems

Answer 4

Chapter 5

Question 5

These powers belong only to the Commonwealth

Answer 5

exclusive powers

Question 6

This is a ministerial council of the heads of government in Australia and the key coordinating institution

Answer 6

COAG

Question 7

Examples of programmes jointly administered by COAG include

Answer 7

infrastructure, water (Murray Darling), NDIS, Closing the Gap

Question 8

High Court case which defended State power in 1906

Answer 8

Railway Servants

Question 9

This High Court doctrine was created to protect the States with s51 powers

Answer 9

reserved powers

Question 10

The High Court case and year was the definitive turning point in changing the federal balance of power

Answer 10

Engineers case, 1920

Question 11

This s51 power, set out in clause xxix, has been very influential in increasing Commonwealth power since 1971 and reinforced in the Koowarta Case

Answer 11

external affairs

Question 12

This case increased Commonwealth power in 1997,when fees levied by State governments for tobacco and other business franchises were deemed to be ‘excise’ fees

Answer 12

Ha v Hammond

Question 13

The Cole v Whitfield case of 1998 concerned s92, which deals with freedom of

Answer 13

interstate trade

Question 14

The World Heritage Properties Conservation Act was instrumental in this High Court case of 1983

Answer 14

Tasmanian Dams

Question 15

The High Court case of 1971 which started the use of the corporations power in favour of the Commonwealth

Answer 15

Concrete Pipes

Question 16

The Commonwealth government won this High Court case in 2006 on the basis of using the corporations power in order to regulate industrial relations

Answer 16

WorkChoices

Question 17

These are forums by which Commonwealth and State ministers meet to coordinate and cooperate on joint activities

Answer 17

Ministerial councils

Question 18

Untied grants used in s96 are referred to as ______ ______ _______

Answer 18

General Purpose Payments

Question 19

This section of the Constitution is referred to as the Braddon Blot

Answer 19

s87

Question 20

This Scheme, started in 2014, was a recent example of the use of s96 to induce reform by the States

Answer 20

Asset Recycling

Question 21

The three key sections of the Constitution which bestow financial power to the Commonwealth are:

Answer 21

s51 (ii) taxation; s 90 customs, bounties and excise; s96 tied grants

Question 22

Commonwealth exercise of this power has been effectively exclusive since 1942

Answer 22

income tax (Uniform Tax case)

Question 23

This section of the Constitution was designed to guarantee State revenues

Answer 23

s87

Question 24

his section of the Constitution is effectively redundant since the Commonwealth distributed its surplus revenues into trust funds soon after federation

Answer 24

s94

Question 25

The primary purpose of the Grants Commission is horizontal _______ ____________

Answer 25

fiscal equalisation

Question 26

This statutory authority was created in 1973 to distribute revenue collected through s96

Answer 26

Commonwealth Grants Commission

Question 27

The tax introduced in 2000 to provide greater State autonomy regarding revenue and to reduce VFI

Answer 27

GST

Question 28

Ways in which Constitutional change can be effected which impacts balance of power

Answer 28

High Court interpretation; referral of powers by States; unchallenged legislation passed by Commonwealth.

Question 29

Term used to describe disproportionate taxing and spending powers of the Commonwealth and States

Answer 29

VFI