Chapter 9: Ancient Greece Test. Flashcards
What is Zoroastrianism?
A new religion that arose in the Persian empire.
Taught good vs evil
Who did Persia defeat to win independence?
Medes
Spartan boys were trained to be what?
Soldiers
Why would the women of Greece want to live in Sparta?
They would have more rights and freedom.
At what age did Spartan men finish serving in the army?
Age 60
What started the Peloponnesian war?
Greek city states feared that Athens would control Greece.
What happened because of the Peloponnesian war?
Sparta became the most powerful city state
How was Phillip of Macedonia able to conquer the Greeks easily?
His powerful Army.
How were Phillip of Macedonia and Alexander the Great related?
Father and son
What caused the death of Alexander The Great?
When he visited Babylon he got sick and died at age 33
What happened to Alexander’s empire after he died?
His empire was split into 3 kingdoms divided by 3 of his generals.
What specific locations did Alexander’s empire cover?
Greece, Macedonia, Syria, Egypt
What is the Parthenon?
A famous temple made for Athena
What did Greek Philosophers believe?
Using the human mind to think and understand.
What is a Calvary?
A unit of soldiers who ride on horses.
What was the series of wars between Persia and Greece called?
Persian Wars
Why was Spartan society based on military power?
It provided security and protection
What is an alliance?
An agreement to work together.
What is a phalanx?
A group of warriors who stood close together in a square.
What does Hellenistic mean?
Greek-Like
What did Sophocles and Aristophanes have in common?
Greek writers
Who were the main 3 Greek Philosophers?
Socrates, Plato, Aristotle
What is the difference between Euclid and Plato?
Plato- philosopher
Euclid- mathematician
Who was Hippocrates?
The greatest Greek Doctor
Cyrus the great is the founder of what empire?
Persian
Who tried to conquer Greece in 480 BC?
Xerses
What are Helots?
Spartan Slaves
In 359 BC, who became king of Macedonia?
Phillip II
Who was Socrates?
Philosopher
Put to death for asking questions about the Gods
What is reason?
Clear and ordered thinking.
What was a satrap?
Governors of the Persian provinces.
This city state had the strongest army in Greece and joined other Greek city states to fight the Persians.
Sparta
Founder of the Persian Empire (1st King)
Cyrus the Great
These 10,000 soldiers were the heart of the Persian Army and were called….
Immortals
This creation allowed Persian messengers to travel quickly throughout the empire (1,700 miles long)
Royal Road
This Greek city state had the most powerful navy
Athens
The Greeks fought who at the Battle of Marathon?
Persians
Winners of the Persian War.
Greeks
The Greeks defeated the invading Persian army in this battle due to better weapons and armor.
Battle of Marathon
City state where democracy got its start
Athens
City state where men served in the military from 20 to 60 years of age
Sparta
City state which believed in learning and arts
Athens
More than 7,000 Spartans and Greeks met at this battle and 3 days later the Spartans lost.
Battle of Thermopylae
City state which started the Peloponnesian war
Sparta
Before the Peloponnesian war, Athens created which league to help support their cause.
Delian
Before the Peloponnesian war, Sparta created this league
Peloponnesian
A unit of soldiers who mounted on horses
Calvary
1st Greek philosopher
Socrates
This Greek is known as the “Father of Medicine”
Hippocrates
1st to believe the earth was round and estimated its circumference with only a slight error
Erstosthenes
This Greek philosopher tutored Alexander
Aristotle
After the Peloponnesian wars, who will create the world’s greatest empire and spread Greek culture?
Alexander the Great
Alexander’s unique blend of Greek, Persian, Egyptian, and Indian cultures became known
Hellenistic
Empire that Alexander conquered (not Greeks)
Persians
Most famous mathematician
Euclid
Greeks most famous medical scholar because of the book on rules for doctors
Hippocrates
Wrote a book about geometry
Euclid
Explained levers and pulleys
Archimedes
Alexander’s empire spread east to this river
Indus
