Chapter 9- Alterations in Immunity & Inflammation

Question 1

Addison’s disease, Myasthenia Gravis, Chron’s disease, and Hemolytic Anemia are all types of what immunity?

Answer 1

Autoimmunity

Question 2

Explain what occurs in the immune response of Raynaud’s phenomenon.

Answer 2

Immune complexes in Raynaud’s are temperature-dependent. When a patient has below-normal body temperature, these immune complexes precipitate in the blood, and are deposited into peripheral tissues (fingers, toes, nose), blocking circulation and causing symptoms of pallor, numbness, and cyanosis. It is a Type III hypersensitivity.

Question 3

Name some examples of Type IV hypersensitivity reactions.

Answer 3

Graft rejection, contact allergies to poison ivy or metals, TB skin test.

Question 4

What mechanism is involved in a Type IV hypersensitivity reaction?

Answer 4

Type IV is cell-mediated (by T cells), and does not involve antibodies. T cells attack and destroy cellular targets, produce cytokines and activate phagocytic cells.

Question 5

Why can a patient with Type O blood donate to all blood types?

Answer 5

Because their red blood cells have no A or B antigens.

Question 6

When a child accidentally scrapes his knee during a fall, histamine is released and binds to ____ to cause signs and symptoms of inflammation.

Answer 6

H1 receptors