Chapter 9 Flashcards
What limits the power of the gov’t and protects the rights of the individual?
The Bill of Rights
What amendments make up the Bill of Rights?
The first 10 amendments
What is the difference between a law and an amendment?
A law is a bill that gets passed and and amendment is a change to an existing law
How does an amendment get proposed?
2/3 of congress must agree on it
How does an amendment then get ratified?
3/4 of the state legislatures must approve it
What five civil liberties does the 1st Amendment protect?
Freedom of speech,religion,assembled,press,and petition of the gov’t
What does the 2nd Amendment give you the right to own?
Weapons
What does the 4th Amendment protect you from? (Placed as a result of the Sugar Act)
Protects from unreasonable searches an seizures without probable cause
What Amendment is important for people accused of committing crimes?
The 5th amendment
According to the 5th Amendment, natural rights cannot be taken away without what?
Due process of law
What amendment gives you the right to a speedy, public trial by an impartial jury?
The 6th amendment
What does the 9th Amendment keep the government from doing?
Keeps the gov’t from claiming the bills rights are the only rights
What was given power in the 10th Amendment for protection?
The states
Who were the first President and Vice President in American history?
George Washington and john Adams
What did each department of the Executive Branch deal with?
1:State Department
2: Treasury Department
3: War Department
1: handles relations with other countries
2: deals with financial matters
3: deals with nation’s defense
Who makes up the cabinet of the President?
Thomas Jefferson
Alexander Hamilton
Henry Knox
Who was the first Secretary of State and Secretary of Treasury?
Thomas Jefferson
Alexander Hamilton
What job title did Alexander Hamilton hold?
Secretary of treasury
What act established a federal court system?
The Judicial act of 1789
What could federal courts do to state laws if deemed necessary?
Over rule them
Who was John Jay?
1st Chief Justice
What is a national debt?
Amount a government owed
What did Alexander Hamilton want to do with state debts after the war?
He made a plan where the federal gov’t would pay for the dept
What area in America was against his plan and why did they feel this way?
The south because they would have to pay more
Why did the South agree to accept Hamilton’s plan to lessen the national debt?
The capital was moved to the south
Why did Hamilton feel that it was ok for him to create a national bank?
It fell with the intent of the constitution
What is a tariff?
Something introduced to get people to buy local goods
What was the Whiskey Rebellion?
A rebellion against the taxing power of the government
Why did Washington not want to run for a third term to the Presidency?
He did not want the presidential office to be like a king
What are 3 aspects of the Federalist Party?
Favored strong federal government
Rule by wealthy
Loose interpretation of the constitution
What are 4 aspects of the Democratic-Republican Party?
State banks
State govts
Rule by the people
Strict interpretation of the const.
How did Washington feel about political parties?
He felt they were creating a divide in the nation
What is favoring one side in a political decision?
Partisan
Before the Election of 1796, what was held for the first time to determine Presidential candidates?
Caucuses
What was the crisis with France involving three agents that tried to get money from America?
The XYZ affair
Why were three acts created after the XYZ Affair?
Naturalization act
Alien acts
Sedition act
What was the Naturalization Act?
Required aliens to live in America for 14 years before applying for citizenship
What were the Alien Acts?
Allowed president to deport aliens
What was the Sedition Act?
Made it illegal to talk bad about the govt
What Amendment did the Sedition Act contradict?
The 1st amendment
