Chapter 9 Flashcards
What limits the power of the gov’t and protects the rights of the individual?
Bill of rights
What amendments make up the Bill of Rights?
The first 10
What is the difference between a law and an amendment?
A law is a bill that gets passed and an amendment is a change to an existing law
How does an amendment get proposed?
2/3 of congress or 2/3 of the states
How does an amendment then get ratified?
By 3/4 of the state legislatures
What five civil liberties does the 1st Amendment protect?
Freedom of speech, religion, assembly, press, and petition of gov
What does the 2nd Amendment give you the right to own?
Guns
What does the 4th Amendment protect you from? (Placed as a result of the Sugar Act)
Unreasonable senareo and seizures without probable cause
What Amendment is important for people accused of committing crimes?
The 5th
According to the 5th Amendment, natural rights cannot be taken away without what?
Due process of law
What amendment gives you the right to a speedy, public trial by an impartial jury?
The 6th
What does the 9th Amendment keep the government from doing?
From claiming the bill of rights are the only rights Americans have
What was given power in the 10th Amendment for protection?
A national gov
Who were the first President and Vice President in American history?
George Washington and John Adams
What did each department of the Executive Branch deal with?
State Department
Treasury Department
War Department
Handled relations with other nations
Deal with financial matters
Deals with nations defenses
Who makes up the cabinet of the President?
Secretary of State, secretary of treasury, secretary of war, and attorney general
Who was the first Secretary of State and Secretary of Treasury?
Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton
What job title did Alexander Hamilton hold?
Sec of treasuray
What act established a federal court system?
The judiciary
What could federal courts do to state laws if deemed necessary?
They could over turn them
Who was John Jay?
1st Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
What is a national debt?
The amount the government owes
What did Alexander Hamilton want to do with state debts after the war?
Have the federal government take care of the state debts from the war
What area in America was against his plan and why did they feel this way?
The southern states because they owed less than the northern states and would have to pay more than their fare share to compensate
Why did the South agree to accept Hamilton’s plan to lessen the national debt?
Because he agreed to move the u.s capital to the south
Why did Hamilton feel that it was ok for him to create a national bank?
Because it fell within the intent of the constitution
What is a tariff?
Taxed on imported goods
What was the Whiskey Rebellion?
A civil uprising against the taxing power of the federal government
Why did Washington not want to run for a third term to the Presidency?
Because he didn’t want it to seem like he was the king
What are 3 aspects of the Federalist Party?
Favored a strong federal gov
Rule by wealthy
Loose interpretation of the constitution
What are 4 aspects of the Democratic-Republican Party?
State banks
State gov
Rule by the people
Strict interpretation of the constitution
How did Washington feel about political parties?
He didn’t like them
What is favoring one side in a political decision?
Partison
Before the Election of 1796, what was held for the first time to determine Presidential candidates?
Caucuses
What was the crisis with France involving three agents that tried to get money from America?
X, y and z
Why were three acts created after the XYZ Affair?
To protect the security of the nation and slow immigration
What was the Naturalization Act?
Required aliens to live in us for 14 years before being able to apple for citizenship
What were the Alien Acts?
Allowed president to deport aliens
What was the Sedition Act?
A crime to speak or write false criticism to try and weaken the gov..
What Amendment did the Sedition Act contradict?
1st
