Chapter 9 Flashcards
What limits the power of the gov’t and protects the rights of the individual?
Bill of rights
What amendments make up the Bill of Rights?
The first 10
What is the difference between a law and an amendment?
A law is a bill that gets passed but a amendment is a change to an existing law
How does an amendment get proposed?
By 2/3 of congress or 2/3 of the states
How does an amendment then get ratified?
By 3/4 of state legislature
What five civil liberties does the 1st Amendment protect?
Freedom of speech, press, religion, assembly, and petition to the government
What does the 2nd Amendment give you the right to own?
To own firearms
What does the 4th Amendment protect you from? (Placed as a result of the Sugar Act)
Protects you from unreasonable searches and seizures without probable cause
What Amendment is important for people accused of committing crimes?
The 5th admendment
According to the 5th Amendment, natural rights cannot be taken away without what?
Process of law
What amendment gives you the right to a speedy, public trial by an impartial jury?
The 6th amendment
What does the 9th Amendment keep the government from doing?
Keeps the government from claiming the bill of rights are the only rights America has
What was given power in the 10th Amendment for protection?
States
Who were the first President and Vice President in American history?
George Washington
What did each department of the Executive Branch deal with?
State Department
Handles relations with other nations
Treasury Department
Deals with financial matters
War Department
Deals with the nations defense
Who makes up the cabinet of the President?
The secretary’s
Who was the first Secretary of State and Secretary of Treasury?
The first Secretary of State was Thomas Jefferson and the first secretary of treasure was Alexander Hamilton
What job title did Alexander Hamilton hold?
Secretary of State
What act established a federal court system?
The judicial act of 1789
What could federal courts do to state laws if deemed necessary?
Overturn them
Who was John Jay?
The first Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
What is a national debt?
The amount that a government owed after a war
What did Alexander Hamilton want to do with state debts after the war?
Have the federal government take care of of the stars depts from the war
What area in America was against his plan and why did they feel this way?
The south because they owed less
Why did the South agree to accept Hamilton’s plan to lessen the national debt?
Because they agreed for the capital to be moved to the south
Why did Hamilton feel that it was ok for him to create a national bank?
Because it fell within the intent of the constitution
What is a tariff?
Tax on an imported goods
What was the Whiskey Rebellion?
A civil uprising against the taxes power of the federal government
Why did Washington not want to run for a third term to the Presidency?
Because he believed that political parties divided people and kept the government from working together
What are 3 aspects of the Federalist Party?
Favored a strong federal government system, loose interpretation of the constitution, and rule by the wealthy
What are 4 aspects of the Democratic-Republican Party?
State bank, state government, rule by the people, and a strict interpretation of the constitution
How did Washington feel about political parties?
He believed they divided people
What is favoring one side in a political decision?
Partisan
Before the Election of 1796, what was held for the first time to determine Presidential candidates?
Caucuses
What was the crisis with France involving three agents that tried to get money from America?
XYZ affair
Why were three acts created after the XYZ Affair?
To protect the security of the nation and slow immigration
What was the Naturalization Act?
Required aliens to live in the US for 14 years before being able to apply for citizenship
What were the Alien Acts?
Allowed the president to deport aliens
What was the Sedition Act?
A crime to speak or write false criticism to try and weaken the government
What Amendment did the Sedition Act contradict?
The first amendment
