Chapter 9 Flashcards
What limits the power of the gov’t and protects the rights of the individual?
Bill of Rights
What amendments make up the Bill of Rights?
1st 10 Amendments
What is the difference between a law and an amendment?
A law is a bill that gets passed and a amendment is a change to an existing Law
How does an amendment get proposed?
2/3 of congress or 2/3 of the states
How does an amendment then get ratified?
By 3/5 of the state legislatures
What five civil liberties does the 1st Amendment protect?
Freedom of speech, religion, assembly, press, and petition of the Government
What does the 2nd Amendment give you the right to own?
Right to bear arms
What does the 4th Amendment protect you from? (Placed as a result of the Sugar Act)
Prevents anyone from being forced to quarter troops against their will
What Amendment is important for people accused of committing crimes?
5th amendment
According to the 5th Amendment, natural rights cannot be taken away without what?
Process of law
What amendment gives you the right to a speedy, public trial by an impartial jury?
6th
What does the 9th Amendment keep the government from doing?
Prevents the government from claiming the Bill of Rights
What was given power in the 10th Amendment for protection?
That states could be used as protection against the powers of a national government
What did each department of the Executive Branch deal with?
State Department
Handles reactions with other nations
Treasury Department
Deals with financial matters
War Department
Deals with nations defense
Who makes up the cabinet of the President?
Secretary of State, secretary of treasury, secretary of War, attorney general
Who was the first Secretary of State and Secretary of Treasury
Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton
What job title did Alexander Hamilton hold
Secretary of treasury
What act established a federal court system?
Judiciary Act of 1789
Who was John Jay?
1st Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
What is a national debt
The amount the government owned
What did Alexander Hamilton want to do with state debts after the war?
The federal government would take care of the states debts from the war
What area in America was against his plan and why did they feel this way?
The South because they owned more than the north
Why did the South agree to accept Hamilton’s plan to lessen the national debt?
In exchange for the us capital to be moved to the south
Why did Hamilton feel that it was ok for him to create a national bank
Fell within the intent of the constitution
What is a tariff
Instituted to encourage people to buy American goods
What was the Whiskey Rebellion
A civil uprising against the taxing power of the federal governments
Why did Washington not want to run for a third term to the Presidency
Washington believed that political parties divided people and kept the government from working together
What are 3 aspects of the Federalist Party
Ruled by wealthy, Loose interpretation of the constitution, Favored a strong Federal Government
What are 4 aspects of the Democratic-Republican Party?
State banks, State governments, Ruled by people, Strict interpretation of the constitution
How did Washington feel about political parties?
Divided people
What is favoring one side in a political decision
Partisan
Before the Election of 1796, what was held for the first time to determine Presidential candidates
Caucuses ~ meetings held to chose candidates
What was the crisis with France involving three agents that tried to get money from America
XYZ affair
Why were three acts created after the XYZ Affair
Naturalization, Alien, Sedition Acts
What was the Naturalization Act
Required aliens to live in the us for 14 years before being able to apply for citizenship
What were the Alien Acts
Allowed President to deport aliens
What was the Sedition Act?
A crime to speak or write false criticisms to try and weaken the government
What Amendment did the Sedition Act contradict?
The 1st amendment
Who were the first president and Vice President in American history
George Washington and John Adams
What could federal courts do to state laws if deemed necessary
Overturn state laws
