Chapter 9 Flashcards
What limits the power of the gov’t and protects the rights of the individual?
Bill of Rights
What amendments make up the Bill of Rights?
The 10 amendments
What is the difference between a law and an amendment?
A law is a bill that gets passed and an amendment is a change to an existing law
How does an amendment get proposed?
It has to be proposed by 2/3 of the Congress or 2/3 of the states
How does an amendment then get ratified?
It must be approved by 3/4 of the state legislatures
What five civil liberties does the 1st Amendment protect?
Freedom of speech, religion, assembly, and press and petition the government
What does the 2nd Amendment give you the right to own?
Firearms
What does the 4th Amendment protect you from? (Placed as a result of the Sugar Act)
Unreasonable searches and seizures without probable cause
What Amendment is important for people accused of committing crimes?
5th amendment
According to the 5th Amendment, natural rights cannot be taken away without what?
Process of law
What amendment gives you the right to a speedy, public trial by an impartial jury?
6th amendment
What does the 9th Amendment keep the government from doing?
It keeps the government from saying the Bill of Rights are the only Rights Americans have
What was given power in the 10th Amendment for protection?
The states
Who were the first President and Vice President in American history?
President- George Washington
Vice- John Adams
What did each department of the Executive Branch deal with?
State Department-
Treasury Department-
War Department-
State department- relations with other nations
Treasury department- financial matters
War department- nations defense
Who makes up the cabinet of the President?
Vice President and the heads of 15 executive departments
Who was the first Secretary of State and Secretary of Treasury?
Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton
What job title did Alexander Hamilton hold?
Secretary of State
What act established a federal court system?
Judiciary act
What could federal courts do to state laws if deemed necessary?
Overturn them
Who was John Jay?
1st Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
What is a national debt?
The amount the government owed
What did Alexander Hamilton want to do with state debts after the war?
Have the federal government take care of state debts
What area in America was against his plan and why did they feel this way?
The south because they had already paid off most of their depths
Why did the South agree to accept Hamilton’s plan to lessen the national debt?
U.S capital moved to the south
Why did Hamilton feel that it was ok for him to create a national bank?
He said it feel within the intent of the constitution
What is a tariff?
Tax on imported goods
What was the Whiskey Rebellion?
A civil uprising against the raging power of the federal government
Why did Washington not want to run for a third term to the Presidency?
He believed that political parties divided people and kept the government from working together
What are 3 aspects of the Federalist Party?
- Favored a strong federal government
- Rule by the wealthy
- Loose interpretation of the constitution
What are 4 aspects of the Democratic-Republican Party?
State banks
State government
Rule by people
Strict interpretation of the constitution
How did Washington feel about political parties?
Divided people
What is favoring one side in a political decision?
Partisan
Before the Election of 1796, what was held for the first time to determine Presidential candidates?
Caucuses- meetings to choose candidates
What was the crisis with France involving three agents that tried to get money from America?
XYZ Affair
Why were three acts created after the XYZ Affair?
Protect the security of the nation
What was the Naturalization Act?
It required aliens to live in the US for 14 years before being able to apply for citizenship
What were the Alien Acts?
Allowed the president to deport citizens
What was the Sedition Act?
A crime to speak or write false criticism to try and weaken the government
What Amendment did the Sedition Act contradict?
The 1st amendment
