Chapter 9 Flashcards
operating system
a set of programs that coordinate all the activities among computer or mobile device hardware
operating system responsibilities
start/shut down provide user interface manage programs manage memory coordinate tasks configure devices monitor performance establish internet connection provide file management updating software network control administer security
platform
aka operating system bc platform supports the applications
kernel
the core of the operating system that manages memory and devices, maintains the internal clock, runs programs, and assigns the resources
cold booting a computer
starting a computer from a state when it’s powered off
warm booting a computer
restarting a computer while it remains powered on
sleep mode
the computer technically stays on, but only uses a bit of power (“standby”)
hibernate mode
your computer or laptop will not use any battery power
user interface
controls how you enter data and instructions and how info is displayed on the screen
graphical user interface
interact with menus and visual images
command-line interface
a user types commands represented by short keywords or abbreviations or presses special keys on the keyboard to enter data and instructions
single-tasking operating system
can handle only one program or app to run at a time
multi-tasking operating system
allows two or more programs or apps to reside in memory at the same time
foreground
the program you’re currently using- the active one
background
the program that’s hidden partially or completely behind the foreground program
memory management
optimizes the use of the computer or device’s internal memory
virtual memory
a portion of a storage medium functioning as additional RAM
plug and play
a user plugs in a device and then immediately can begin using the device without having to configure it manually
performance monitor
a program that assesses and reports information about various computer resources and devices
driver
a small program that tells the operating system how to communicate with a specific device
buffer
a segment of memory where items are placed while waiting to be transferred from an input device to an output device
spooling
sending docs to be printed to a buffer instead of sending them immediately to the printer
tools that come with an operating system
related to managing a computer, its devices, or its programs: file manager search image viewer uninstaller disk cleanup disk defragmenter screen saver file compression PC maintenance backup restore
server operating systems
multiuser operating system that organizes and coordinates how to allow multiple users to share a printer, internet access, files, and programs
network admin uses operating system to:
add/remove users, computers, and other devices
configure the network, install software and administer network security
windows, OS X, UNIX, Linux are examples of
operating systems
Linux
a popular, multitasking UNIX-based operating system
open source software
has no restrictions from the copyright holder regarding modification of the software’s internal instructions and redistributions of the software
firmware
a software that is embedded in a piece of hardware (programmed into special memory contained in the hardware itself)
hardware
smartphone, router, motherboard, processor, flash drive
software
operating system, adobe, Excel, apps on phones
