Chapter 9 Flashcards
What does General Business Law 36B cover?
- 1 year workmanship (forgot doorknobs/ hung cabinet backwards)
- 2 years trade (plumbing, HVAC, electrical, carpet, etc)
- 6 years material defects (crack in foundation, roof leaks, etc)
Pg 196
What does General Business Law 36B NOT cover?
- 3 years
- 4 years
- 5 years
(Anything not 1,2,6)
Pg 196
What is not a construction drawing?
Specifications
Pg 178
What are specifications?
Written documents explaining the requirements for the scope of the work including materials, standards, and expected quality of the finished product.
178
What are written documents explaining the requirements for the scope of the work including materials, standards, and expected quality of the finished product?
Specifications
178
Once a lot or parcel has been chosen, what is a detailed building plan used to evaluate design, determine feasibility, and guide construction of a structure?
Blueprint
178
What is a blueprint?
a detailed building plan used to evaluate design, determine feasibility, and guide construction of a structure
178
How does a building department enforce code?
Permits
178
What protects the public by setting minimum standards and requiring builders to use certain construction standards, including particular methods and materials, sanitary equipment, electrical wiring, and prevention techniques?
Building codes
178-179
What is the process whereby government authorities, usually state or local, are charged with ensuring compliance with prevailing building codes?
Building inspection
179
What are the 6 official approval steps before & after construction?
1 specifications 2 blueprints 3 permits 4 building codes 5 building inspections 6 certificate of occupancy
178-180
What is the Certificate of Occupancy?
Document issued to builders after all inspections have been made and the property is deemed fit for occupancy
180
According to NYS Uniform Fire Prevention and Building Code, a Certificate of Occupancy is required in which 2 instances:
1 For all work for which a building permit was required (residential, commercial, etc)
2 Whenever the general occupancy classification for a building has changed
180
Where does NYC water come from vs rural areas?
Catskill mountain snow melt vs digging their own well
180
How does NYC handle sewage treatment vs rural areas?
Municipal waste water system vs On-Site Sanitary System (septic tank)
180/181
How far does a well have to be from a septic tank?
50 feet from tank
100 feet from absorption field
180-181
What state department is in charge of drinking water and sewage treatment?
Department of Health
181
What is the rate at which water moves through soil?
Percolation rate
181
How many feet of usable soil must be available above rock, unsuitable soil, and high seasonal groundwater for the installation of a conventional absorption field?
4 feet
181
What do you need when selling vacant land for future houses regarding soil?
Percolation test. If test fails, you cannot have septic, which would not allow you to obtain certificate of occupancy.
181
What are 3 issues that might negatively affect the percolation rate for an absorption field?
Rock, unsuitable soil, high seasonal groundwater
181
How many gallons of water should a well provide for an adequate water supply?
5 gallons per minute
180
Where do you place the well vs the septic tank & absorption field?
Upstream from the direction of the ground water
180/181
What are the two types of sanitary waste systems usually found in a residential property?
Septic and municipal waste
180-181
What is a sewage treatment system that moves wastewater to an underground storage area where solid waste matter decomposes?
Septic system
180
What is the system in which wastewater is drained from the house through pipes to a sewer, which then carries the water to a local wastewater treatment facility?
Municipal wastewater system
181
What is the most common foundation?
Basement
182
What is the most common house frame and why?
Platform; uses less materials
182
What is the underground base, usually concrete, that supports a foundation?
Footer
183
What is a footer?
the underground base, usually concrete, that supports a foundation
183
How many inches of visible foundation wall above grade (ground level) must exist in New York buildings?
8 inches
182
What is a concrete foundation built directly on the ground made from a layer of poured concrete reinforced with steel rods (rebar)?
Slab-on-grade
183
What is an unfinished space below the first floor of a house or other structure, but less than a full story in height?
Crawl space
183
What is the part of a house or building partially or entirely below grade and is used to support the rest of the structure?
Basement
183
What are the 3 foundational structures (excluding the footer)?
Slab on grade construction
Crawl space
Basement
183
What are the side walls that support the entire structure?
Foundation walls
182
What term refers to the exterior elements (walls Windows floor roof etc) that enclose the interior when a structure is in development?
Building envelope or building shell
183
What is the basic-load bearing skeleton of a structure to which the interior walls, exterior walls, and roof system are attached?
Framing.
Also includes the solid support structure surrounding doors and windows. When interior framing is complete, it is possible to walk around the floor plan and experience the structures layout.
183
What are the three basic types of framing?
Platform, post and beam, and balloon
183-184
What’s is the type of framing by which the house or building is constructed one story at a time, with each story serving as a platform for the next?
Platform construction
183
What is the type of framing with the floor for higher stories (and the roof) supported by beams that sit in top of posts and the outside wall perimeter?
Post and beam
184
What is the type of framing with long studs going to the entire length of the house from the foundation to the roof?
Balloon
184
What is wood bolted to the concrete foundation while wet so that you can attach the house frame?
Sill plate
184
What is the sill plate?
Bottom piece of a frame that is anchored horizontally to the foundation and provides a nailing surface for the floor or wall system
What is a long piece of wood, metal, or concrete?
Beam (horizontal)
184
What is a vertical beam that serves to frame a structure?
Stud or wood-framing member
184
What is a large, main carrying beam that usually runs horizontally, supports vertical loads?
Girder
184
What is a beam that carries other beams?
Girder
184
What are long horizontal beams of wood or steel that span the piers of a foundation or load-bearing walls of a roof?
Joists (floor or ceiling)
184
What are floor or ceiling beams?
Joists
184
What are vertical columns that support the wall frame?
Studs
184
What are studs?
vertical columns that support the wall frame
184
What are steel support columns filled with concrete for interior use?
Lally columns
184
What is the pitch?
The slope or angle of the roof
185
What is the slope or angle of the roof?
Pitch
185
What are roof beams?
Rafters
185
What is sheathing?
Plywood covering the roof and walls
186
What is fascia?
Board connect rafters (hang gutters on it)
185
What is an eave?
Roof overhang that protects the side walls
185
What is the soffit?
Underside of the eave, arch, or beam
185
What is flashing?
Metal that covers cracks (like chimney)
186
What covers joints where two or more types of materials join together for the purpose of preventing water from penetrating the joint?
Flashing
186
What are walls that carry the load for the roof, ceiling, and/or floors?
Load bearing walls
185
What are reinforcements made of wood for door and window placement?
Headers
185
What is the outer covering for a buildings exterior walls, designed to shed water and protect the building from elements?
Siding
186
What is the vertical beam that supports the wall frame
Studs (or wall studs)
184
What is the slope of the roof called?
The pitch
185
What is the R factor?
Resistance to heat
188
What is the R value?
The r factor multiplied by the amount of material
2 layers of r 20= r 40 value
What is a way to measure the insulating value or resistance to hear flor through a material or an object?
R factor
188
When is building complete?
When the appropriate authorities have approved the structure for final occupancy and the certificate of occupancy is issued
188
What is the standard fresh air ventilation rate?
15 cubic feet per minute (CFM) per person
189
What should be a minimum of 15 cubic feet per minute (CFM) per person?
Standard fresh air ventilation rate
What system delivers heating and cooling through the same ducts?
Forced Warm Air System
190
What does the forced warm air system do?
Delivers heating and cooling through the same ducts
190
What is the British Thermal Unit?
Amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 pound of water by 1 degree Fahrenheit
191
What is the measurement called that is the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of one pound of water by one degree Fahrenheit?
British Thermal Unit
191
What pipes does the city use vs the pipes homes typically use?
Cast iron vs copper
192
Who uses cast iron pipes?
City
192
Who uses copper pipes?
Homes
192
What is the minimum electric service for a house?
100 amps, 110 volts
194
What requires 100 amps and 110 volts?
The minimum electric service for a house
194
What is required to be 50 feet from the tank and 100 feet from the drain/ absorption field?
The well
180
What covers the warranties of new construction?
General Business Law 36B
