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Construction Basics > Chapter 9 > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Flashcards

1
Q

What does General Business Law 36B cover?

A
  • 1 year workmanship (forgot doorknobs/ hung cabinet backwards)
  • 2 years trade (plumbing, HVAC, electrical, carpet, etc)
  • 6 years material defects (crack in foundation, roof leaks, etc)

Pg 196

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2
Q

What does General Business Law 36B NOT cover?

A
  • 3 years
  • 4 years
  • 5 years

(Anything not 1,2,6)

Pg 196

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3
Q

What is not a construction drawing?

A

Specifications

Pg 178

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4
Q

What are specifications?

A

Written documents explaining the requirements for the scope of the work including materials, standards, and expected quality of the finished product.

178

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5
Q

What are written documents explaining the requirements for the scope of the work including materials, standards, and expected quality of the finished product?

A

Specifications

178

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6
Q

Once a lot or parcel has been chosen, what is a detailed building plan used to evaluate design, determine feasibility, and guide construction of a structure?

A

Blueprint

178

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7
Q

What is a blueprint?

A

a detailed building plan used to evaluate design, determine feasibility, and guide construction of a structure

178

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8
Q

How does a building department enforce code?

A

Permits

178

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9
Q

What protects the public by setting minimum standards and requiring builders to use certain construction standards, including particular methods and materials, sanitary equipment, electrical wiring, and prevention techniques?

A

Building codes

178-179

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10
Q

What is the process whereby government authorities, usually state or local, are charged with ensuring compliance with prevailing building codes?

A

Building inspection

179

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11
Q

What are the 6 official approval steps before & after construction?

A 
1 specifications
2 blueprints
3 permits
4 building codes
5 building inspections
6 certificate of occupancy

178-180

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12
Q

What is the Certificate of Occupancy?

A

Document issued to builders after all inspections have been made and the property is deemed fit for occupancy

180

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13
Q

According to NYS Uniform Fire Prevention and Building Code, a Certificate of Occupancy is required in which 2 instances:

A

1 For all work for which a building permit was required (residential, commercial, etc)
2 Whenever the general occupancy classification for a building has changed

180

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14
Q

Where does NYC water come from vs rural areas?

A

Catskill mountain snow melt vs digging their own well

180

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15
Q

How does NYC handle sewage treatment vs rural areas?

A

Municipal waste water system vs On-Site Sanitary System (septic tank)

180/181

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16
Q

How far does a well have to be from a septic tank?

A

50 feet from tank
100 feet from absorption field

180-181

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17
Q

What state department is in charge of drinking water and sewage treatment?

A

Department of Health

181

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18
Q

What is the rate at which water moves through soil?

A

Percolation rate

181

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19
Q

How many feet of usable soil must be available above rock, unsuitable soil, and high seasonal groundwater for the installation of a conventional absorption field?

A

4 feet

181

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20
Q

What do you need when selling vacant land for future houses regarding soil?

A

Percolation test. If test fails, you cannot have septic, which would not allow you to obtain certificate of occupancy.

181

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21
Q

What are 3 issues that might negatively affect the percolation rate for an absorption field?

A

Rock, unsuitable soil, high seasonal groundwater

181

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22
Q

How many gallons of water should a well provide for an adequate water supply?

A

5 gallons per minute

180

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23
Q

Where do you place the well vs the septic tank & absorption field?

A

Upstream from the direction of the ground water

180/181

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24
Q

What are the two types of sanitary waste systems usually found in a residential property?

A

Septic and municipal waste

180-181

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25
Q

What is a sewage treatment system that moves wastewater to an underground storage area where solid waste matter decomposes?

A

Septic system

180

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26
Q

What is the system in which wastewater is drained from the house through pipes to a sewer, which then carries the water to a local wastewater treatment facility?

A

Municipal wastewater system

181

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27
Q

What is the most common foundation?

A

Basement

182

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28
Q

What is the most common house frame and why?

A

Platform; uses less materials

182

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29
Q

What is the underground base, usually concrete, that supports a foundation?

A

Footer

183

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30
Q

What is a footer?

A

the underground base, usually concrete, that supports a foundation

183

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31
Q

How many inches of visible foundation wall above grade (ground level) must exist in New York buildings?

A

8 inches

182

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32
Q

What is a concrete foundation built directly on the ground made from a layer of poured concrete reinforced with steel rods (rebar)?

A

Slab-on-grade

183

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33
Q

What is an unfinished space below the first floor of a house or other structure, but less than a full story in height?

A

Crawl space

183

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34
Q

What is the part of a house or building partially or entirely below grade and is used to support the rest of the structure?

A

Basement

183

35
Q

What are the 3 foundational structures (excluding the footer)?

A

Slab on grade construction
Crawl space
Basement

183

36
Q

What are the side walls that support the entire structure?

A

Foundation walls

182

37
Q

What term refers to the exterior elements (walls Windows floor roof etc) that enclose the interior when a structure is in development?

A

Building envelope or building shell

183

38
Q

What is the basic-load bearing skeleton of a structure to which the interior walls, exterior walls, and roof system are attached?

A

Framing.

Also includes the solid support structure surrounding doors and windows. When interior framing is complete, it is possible to walk around the floor plan and experience the structures layout.

183

39
Q

What are the three basic types of framing?

A

Platform, post and beam, and balloon

183-184

40
Q

What’s is the type of framing by which the house or building is constructed one story at a time, with each story serving as a platform for the next?

A

Platform construction

183

41
Q

What is the type of framing with the floor for higher stories (and the roof) supported by beams that sit in top of posts and the outside wall perimeter?

A

Post and beam

184

42
Q

What is the type of framing with long studs going to the entire length of the house from the foundation to the roof?

A

Balloon

184

43
Q

What is wood bolted to the concrete foundation while wet so that you can attach the house frame?

A

Sill plate

184

44
Q

What is the sill plate?

A

Bottom piece of a frame that is anchored horizontally to the foundation and provides a nailing surface for the floor or wall system

45
Q

What is a long piece of wood, metal, or concrete?

A

Beam (horizontal)

184

46
Q

What is a vertical beam that serves to frame a structure?

A

Stud or wood-framing member

184

47
Q

What is a large, main carrying beam that usually runs horizontally, supports vertical loads?

A

Girder

184

48
Q

What is a beam that carries other beams?

A

Girder

184

49
Q

What are long horizontal beams of wood or steel that span the piers of a foundation or load-bearing walls of a roof?

A

Joists (floor or ceiling)

184

50
Q

What are floor or ceiling beams?

A

Joists

184

51
Q

What are vertical columns that support the wall frame?

A

Studs

184

52
Q

What are studs?

A

vertical columns that support the wall frame

184

53
Q

What are steel support columns filled with concrete for interior use?

A

Lally columns

184

54
Q

What is the pitch?

A

The slope or angle of the roof

185

55
Q

What is the slope or angle of the roof?

A

Pitch

185

56
Q

What are roof beams?

A

Rafters

185

57
Q

What is sheathing?

A

Plywood covering the roof and walls

186

58
Q

What is fascia?

A

Board connect rafters (hang gutters on it)

185

59
Q

What is an eave?

A

Roof overhang that protects the side walls

185

60
Q

What is the soffit?

A

Underside of the eave, arch, or beam

185

61
Q

What is flashing?

A

Metal that covers cracks (like chimney)

186

62
Q

What covers joints where two or more types of materials join together for the purpose of preventing water from penetrating the joint?

A

Flashing

186

63
Q

What are walls that carry the load for the roof, ceiling, and/or floors?

A

Load bearing walls

185

64
Q

What are reinforcements made of wood for door and window placement?

A

Headers

185

65
Q

What is the outer covering for a buildings exterior walls, designed to shed water and protect the building from elements?

A

Siding

186

66
Q

What is the vertical beam that supports the wall frame

A

Studs (or wall studs)

184

67
Q

What is the slope of the roof called?

A

The pitch

185

68
Q

What is the R factor?

A

Resistance to heat

188

69
Q

What is the R value?

A

The r factor multiplied by the amount of material

2 layers of r 20= r 40 value

70
Q

What is a way to measure the insulating value or resistance to hear flor through a material or an object?

A

R factor

188

71
Q

When is building complete?

A

When the appropriate authorities have approved the structure for final occupancy and the certificate of occupancy is issued

188

72
Q

What is the standard fresh air ventilation rate?

A

15 cubic feet per minute (CFM) per person

189

73
Q

What should be a minimum of 15 cubic feet per minute (CFM) per person?

A

Standard fresh air ventilation rate

74
Q

What system delivers heating and cooling through the same ducts?

A

Forced Warm Air System

190

75
Q

What does the forced warm air system do?

A

Delivers heating and cooling through the same ducts

190

76
Q

What is the British Thermal Unit?

A

Amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 pound of water by 1 degree Fahrenheit

191

77
Q

What is the measurement called that is the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of one pound of water by one degree Fahrenheit?

A

British Thermal Unit

191

78
Q

What pipes does the city use vs the pipes homes typically use?

A

Cast iron vs copper

192

79
Q

Who uses cast iron pipes?

A

City

192

80
Q

Who uses copper pipes?

A

Homes

192

81
Q

What is the minimum electric service for a house?

A

100 amps, 110 volts

194

82
Q

What requires 100 amps and 110 volts?

A

The minimum electric service for a house

194

83
Q

What is required to be 50 feet from the tank and 100 feet from the drain/ absorption field?

A

The well

180

84
Q

What covers the warranties of new construction?

A

General Business Law 36B

Construction Basics (8 decks)

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