Chapter 9 Flashcards
Lithosphere
The most outer lay of the earth including the crust and manta
Magma
An extremely hot mixture of molten rock and gases just below the earths surface
Sediments
Materials broken down by the cause of weather and erosion by either wind or water
Native-elements
elements found uncombined in the Earth’s crust
Crystals
Crystals are made are a geometrically shaped substance made of atoms and molecules to form one of several different shapes
Lustre
Lustre is a mineral that reflects the light and have a lassy, waxy, metallic, dull, pearly, silky look to it
Streak
The fine powder that comes of a mineral when you rub it on tile
Hardness
Hardness is a measurement on how hard it is to scratch the surface of a solid object. For example diamond Is the hardest mineral with a 10 rating and can scratch objects with a lower hardness rating then 10
Minerals
Essential elements for the function of the human body of that are obtained from food
Igneous rocks
Form from the calling of lava and cools down to make ingenious rock
Extrusive rock
rock that forms when lava cools above the Earth’s surface
Viscosity
The property of fluid
Lava
the molten, fluid rock that issues from a volcano or volcanic vent.
Molten
the molten, fluid rock that issues from a volcano or volcanic vent.
Sconria
A dark rock formed from gassy lave that cools quickly
Obsidian
A black glasses Rock that breaks into pieces with smooth like surfaces
Pumice
Pumice: a rock that forms from quick cooling lave. It’s very light and floats on water because of all the air holes that used to be full of gases
Abrasive
A material that scratches other very easily
Basalt
A dark rock that cools very quickly from lava and is filled with holes that once contained gases
Flood plains
Open plains beside a river where deposited during floods
Glaciers
Massive blocks of ice that move rocks and gravel with them
Moraine
deposit left by movement of a glacier
Sandstone
Small grains of sand Cemented together
Shale
Which layer would have formed from sediments beneath the sea?
Conglomerate
Conglomerate Sedimentary rock containing large particles of various sizes cemented together
Mudstone
a fine-grained, sedimentary rock without layering
Stillstone
a sedimentary rock with a particle size between that of sandstone and mudstone
Metamorphism
A process that changes rock by extreme hate and pressure
Metamorphic
Rock formed by other rocks using great heat and pressure
Marble
Formed by great pressure on limestone
Genesis
Formed by great pressure on granite
Slate
Formed as a r silt of moderate pressure on a shale rock
Stone Age
: the time beginning about two million years ago during which early humans made implements of stone
Alloy
a mixture of a metal with a non-metal or another metal
Flint
a fine-grained sedimentary rock which leaves a very sharp edge when broken
Pressings flake
a process in which tool stones such as flint or obsidian were struck with harder stones, such as quartzite, to shear large flakes that could be used to make small tools
Fossil
Remains of dead animals or plants
Parental egoist
a scientist who studies fossils
Stone Age
: the time beginning about two million years ago during which early humans made implements of stone
Alloy
a mixture of a metal with a non-metal or another metal
Flint
a fine-grained sedimentary rock which leaves a very sharp edge when broken
Pressings flake
a process in which tool stones such as flint or obsidian were struck with harder stones, such as quartzite, to shear large flakes that could be used to make small tools
Fossil
Remains of dead animals or plants
Parental egoist
a scientist who studies fossils
