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Final Socio > Chapter 9 > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Flashcards

1
Q

Marx’s Class Analysis

A

Capitalist/control major capitals

Working/ survive on wages

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2
Q

Socialism

A

economic arrangement in which the state owns the major means of production on behalf of workers - getting rid of class

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3
Q

Petite bourgeoisie

A

Small business

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4
Q

Weber

A

Class, Social status, Political power

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5
Q

Life Chances

A

likelihood a person has of obtaining valued economic and cultural resources

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6
Q

Stratification- Weber

A

believed that an unequal distribution of society’s rewards is necessary to encourage people to take on the more complicated and important work that required many years of training. They believed that the rewards attached to a particular job reflect its importance to society.

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7
Q

Problems with Functionalist perspective

A

Barriers of mobility often prevents deserving individuals from advancing - fails to determine “most important positions”

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8
Q

What determines class?

A

Race Gender Ethnicity

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9
Q

Wealth

A

value of financial assets such as savings real estate stocks and bonds minus any outstanding debts

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10
Q

Income

A

money recieved from sources such as wages and salaries as well as from interests and rent

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11
Q

Upper class

A

Top corporate executives, wealth inherited , stocks real estate major investments

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12
Q

Middle Class

A

Engineers, Scientist, Lawyer, College education essential, small home investment

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13
Q

Working Class

A

Skills / unskilled labor, office workers, sale clerks, customer service

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14
Q

Lower class

A

public assistance, less than high school diploma, in debt no assets

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15
Q

Class mobility

A

the ability to move from one social class to another

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16
Q

Structural mobility

A

shift in available occupations changes the class system as a whole

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17
Q

Individual mobility

A

when a persons class position changes without any change in class structure

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18
Q

conspicuous consumption

A

lavish spending done to compete for status

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19
Q

Absolute poverty

A

scarcity of resources / life threatening

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20
Q

Relative poverty

A

lack of basic resources needed to maintain standard of living

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21
Q

Justifying Inequality

A
  • equal opportunity to succeed
  • success based on merit
  • achieve success through individual ability and hard work
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22
Q

Cultural Capital

A

consists of various types of knowledge skills and other cultural resources

23
Q

Social Capital

A

relationships that are potentially economically valuable resulting from membership in a group

24
Q

Accomplished of natural growth

A

working class, play, tell children what to do

25
Q

Concerted cultivation

A

tutors, music lessons, treat them as little adults

26
Q

Ethnicity

A

shared cultural heritage often derived from common ancestry

27
Q

Race

A

category of people widely percieved as sharing socially significant physical characteristics like skin color

28
Q

Racism

A

The belief that one race is superior

29
Q

Racial Essentialism

A

the idea that supposedly natural and immutable differences separate race

30
Q

Sex

A

biological distinction between males and females

31
Q

Gender

A

Cultural expectations- Woman/dresses

32
Q

Intersexual

A

individuals born with different sexual anatomy than they relate to

33
Q

Gender stratifiction

A

systematic unequal distribution of power and resources in society between woman and men

34
Q

Patriarchy

A

social system dominated by men

35
Q

Matriarchy

A

social system dominated by woman

36
Q

Glass Ceiling

A

Invisible barrier created by individuals and institutional sexism that prevents qualified woman from advancing to high levels of leadership or management

37
Q

Kinship

A

Family bonds

38
Q

Social Functions of family

A

Social stability, Material Aid, Inheritance, Care, Sexual regulation, Emotional comfort

39
Q

Nucleur family

A

parents and children

40
Q

Endogamy

A

Ability to marry someone in social class

41
Q

Exogamy

A

Marry someone out of class

42
Q

Functions of Religion

A

Promotes social solidarity, form of social control, psychological benefits, motivate social action

43
Q

Ethic of reciprocity

A

Golden rule, treat others like you’d like to be treated

44
Q

Secularization

A

decline in the social significance of religious beliefs practices and institutions

45
Q

Secular Humanism

A

belief system that emphasizes morality and decision making based on reason or ethics rather than religion

46
Q

Civil Religion

A

set of common beliefs and ritual practices that bind people in a secular society

47
Q

democracy

A

right to vote - leaders voted on

48
Q

plurity vote

A

winner take all system

49
Q

proportional representation

A

seats in govt based on votes

50
Q

spiral of silence

A

keeping quiet about controversial issues when they think their opinion is not widely shared

51
Q

power elite

A

big business taking power

52
Q

class domination

A

power concentrated on the rich

53
Q

capitalism

A

private ownership of the means of production for profit

Final Socio (1 decks)

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