Chapter 9 Flashcards

(53 cards)

1
Q

Marx’s Class Analysis

A

Capitalist/control major capitals

Working/ survive on wages

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2
Q

Socialism

A

economic arrangement in which the state owns the major means of production on behalf of workers - getting rid of class

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3
Q

Petite bourgeoisie

A

Small business

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4
Q

Weber

A

Class, Social status, Political power

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5
Q

Life Chances

A

likelihood a person has of obtaining valued economic and cultural resources

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6
Q

Stratification- Weber

A

believed that an unequal distribution of society’s rewards is necessary to encourage people to take on the more complicated and important work that required many years of training. They believed that the rewards attached to a particular job reflect its importance to society.

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7
Q

Problems with Functionalist perspective

A

Barriers of mobility often prevents deserving individuals from advancing - fails to determine “most important positions”

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8
Q

What determines class?

A

Race Gender Ethnicity

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9
Q

Wealth

A

value of financial assets such as savings real estate stocks and bonds minus any outstanding debts

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10
Q

Income

A

money recieved from sources such as wages and salaries as well as from interests and rent

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11
Q

Upper class

A

Top corporate executives, wealth inherited , stocks real estate major investments

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12
Q

Middle Class

A

Engineers, Scientist, Lawyer, College education essential, small home investment

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13
Q

Working Class

A

Skills / unskilled labor, office workers, sale clerks, customer service

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14
Q

Lower class

A

public assistance, less than high school diploma, in debt no assets

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15
Q

Class mobility

A

the ability to move from one social class to another

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16
Q

Structural mobility

A

shift in available occupations changes the class system as a whole

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17
Q

Individual mobility

A

when a persons class position changes without any change in class structure

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18
Q

conspicuous consumption

A

lavish spending done to compete for status

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19
Q

Absolute poverty

A

scarcity of resources / life threatening

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20
Q

Relative poverty

A

lack of basic resources needed to maintain standard of living

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21
Q

Justifying Inequality

A
  • equal opportunity to succeed
  • success based on merit
  • achieve success through individual ability and hard work
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22
Q

Cultural Capital

A

consists of various types of knowledge skills and other cultural resources

23
Q

Social Capital

A

relationships that are potentially economically valuable resulting from membership in a group

24
Q

Accomplished of natural growth

A

working class, play, tell children what to do

25
Concerted cultivation
tutors, music lessons, treat them as little adults
26
Ethnicity
shared cultural heritage often derived from common ancestry
27
Race
category of people widely percieved as sharing socially significant physical characteristics like skin color
28
Racism
The belief that one race is superior
29
Racial Essentialism
the idea that supposedly natural and immutable differences separate race
30
Sex
biological distinction between males and females
31
Gender
Cultural expectations- Woman/dresses
32
Intersexual
individuals born with different sexual anatomy than they relate to
33
Gender stratifiction
systematic unequal distribution of power and resources in society between woman and men
34
Patriarchy
social system dominated by men
35
Matriarchy
social system dominated by woman
36
Glass Ceiling
Invisible barrier created by individuals and institutional sexism that prevents qualified woman from advancing to high levels of leadership or management
37
Kinship
Family bonds
38
Social Functions of family
Social stability, Material Aid, Inheritance, Care, Sexual regulation, Emotional comfort
39
Nucleur family
parents and children
40
Endogamy
Ability to marry someone in social class
41
Exogamy
Marry someone out of class
42
Functions of Religion
Promotes social solidarity, form of social control, psychological benefits, motivate social action
43
Ethic of reciprocity
Golden rule, treat others like you'd like to be treated
44
Secularization
decline in the social significance of religious beliefs practices and institutions
45
Secular Humanism
belief system that emphasizes morality and decision making based on reason or ethics rather than religion
46
Civil Religion
set of common beliefs and ritual practices that bind people in a secular society
47
democracy
right to vote - leaders voted on
48
plurity vote
winner take all system
49
proportional representation
seats in govt based on votes
50
spiral of silence
keeping quiet about controversial issues when they think their opinion is not widely shared
51
power elite
big business taking power
52
class domination
power concentrated on the rich
53
capitalism
private ownership of the means of production for profit