Chapter 9 Flashcards
The violation of a society’s formally enacted criminal law
Crime
Attempts by society to regulate people’s thoughts and behavior
Social control
The organizations-police, courts, and prison officials-that respond to alleged violations of the law
Criminal justice system
The idea that deviance and conformity result not so much from what people do as from hoe others respond to those actions
Labeling theory
A powerfully negative label that greatly changes a persons self concept and social identity
Stigma
The transformation of moral and legal deviance into a medical condition
Medicalization of deviance
Crime committed by people of high social position in the course of their occupations
White-collar crime
The illegal actions of a corporation or people acting on its behalf
Corporate crime
A business supplying illegal goods or services
Organized crime
A criminal act against a person or a persons property by an offender motivated by racial or other bias
Hate crime
Crimes that direct violence or the treat of violence against others; also known as violent crimes
Crimes against the person
Crimes that involve theft of property belonging to others; also known as property crimes
Crimes against property
Violations of law in which there are no obvious victims
Victimless crimes
A legal negotiation in which a prosecutor reduces a charge in exchange for a defendants guilty plea
Plea bargaining
An act of moral vengeance by which society makes the offender suffer as much a the suffering caused by the crime
Retribution
