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AP Comparative Government and Politics > Chapter 9 > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the primary element in Nigeria’s political identification and mobilization?

A

Ethnicity

British colonialism fostered competition among ethnic groups, ensuring ethnicity became a key political factor.

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2
Q

What is Nollywood known for?

A

Films that are relatable to Nigerians

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3
Q

Who is Mo Abudu?

A

Born in the U.K., made Ebony Life, and then went to Nigeria

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4
Q

What is Ebony Life known for?

A

Shares African stories, has an international partnership with Netflix, and made the movie Fifty

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5
Q

How does Freedom House categorize Nigeria?

A

Partially free

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6
Q

What factors influence Nigeria’s Freedom House score?

A
  • Human rights
  • Competitive elections
  • Civil liberties
  • Civil rights
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7
Q

List the elements of liberal democracy.

A
  • Free and fair elections
  • Peaceful transfer of power
  • Popular sovereignty
  • Rule of law
  • Civilian control of the military
  • Competitive parties
  • Unrestricted media
  • Separation of powers
  • Checks and balances
  • Federalism
  • Independent judiciary
  • Civil rights
  • Civil liberties
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8
Q

What are the predominant ethnic and religious groups in the Northern Region of Nigeria?

A

Hausa-Fulani and Muslim

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9
Q

What are the predominant ethnic and religious groups in the South-Western Region of Nigeria?

A

Yoruba, both Muslim and Christian

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10
Q

What are the predominant ethnic and religious groups in the South-Eastern Region of Nigeria?

A

Igbo, Christian

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11
Q

In what year did Nigeria hold its first free and fair election of the Fourth Republic?

A

1999

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12
Q

What type of government does Nigeria have?

A

Federal

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13
Q

What was the system of governance used by Britain to rule Nigeria?

A

Indirect rule through local rulers and tribal chiefs

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14
Q

When did Nigeria gain independence from Great Britain?

A

1960

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15
Q

What does INEC stand for?

A

Independent National Electoral Commission

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16
Q

What is the role of the EFCC?

A

Looks for people who stole government money and prosecutes them

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17
Q

What is Sharia Law?

A

A legal system based on principles derived from Islam

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18
Q

Why is Nigeria considered a rentier state?

A

It relies on oil as its main source of revenue

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19
Q

What powers does the president of Nigeria have?

A
  • Nominates justices
  • Nominates cabinet members
  • Creates budgets
  • Negotiates treaties
  • Chief diplomat
  • Chief of the military
  • Writes bills and laws
  • Introduces bills into Congress
  • Signs laws
  • Vetoes laws
20
Q

What percentage of votes does the president need in 2/3 of the states?

A

23%

21
Q

Define civil liberties.

A
  • Due process
  • Freedom of expression
  • Assembly
  • Press
  • Religion
  • Privacy
22
Q

Define civil rights.

A
  • Freedom from discrimination on ethnicity
  • Sex
  • Religion
  • Public opinion
23
Q

What does Nigeria’s constitution protect regarding women?

A

Women’s rights

24
Q

What challenges do women face in running for office in Nigeria?

A
  • Patriarchal history
  • Difficulty raising money
  • Stigma around corrupt politicians
  • Low literacy rates
  • Higher poverty rates
25
Q

True or False: Civil Rights and Civil Liberties are fully protected in practice in Nigeria.

A

False

26
Q

What happened to members of the ArewaMeToo Movement?

A

Arrested by the national government and anti-robbery squad after seeking justice for sexual assault victims

27
Q

What happened to two reporters from Daily Trust?

A

Held without charges and then released

28
Q

What was the purpose of the RevolutionNow movement?

A

Protested election fraud

29
Q

What is the stance on same-sex marriage in Nigeria?

A

There is a ban on same-sex marriage

30
Q

What is Boko Haram known for?

A

Kidnapping Chibok girls and promoting Islamic separatism

31
Q

What was Nigeria’s best route to economic advancement during colonial rule?

A

Education and employment in the colonial government

32
Q

What does the Structural Adjustment Program (SAP) require?

A
  • Privatization of state-owned companies
  • Reducing tariffs
  • Reducing subsidies for domestic industries
33
Q

How did Nigeria’s economy shift from the 1960s onwards?

A

From relying on agriculture to relying on oil

34
Q

Define industrialization.

A

The process by which an economy is transformed from a primarily agricultural one to one based on manufacturing goods.

35
Q

What is the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation abbreviated as?

A

NNPC

36
Q

What major economic event occurred in Nigeria in 2016?

A

The economy failed after a recession due to the drop in oil prices in 2014

37
Q

What is the NHIS?

A

A system where a pre-paid fixed amount goes to the Health Maintenance Organization (HMO)

38
Q

What does NSIP stand for?

A

National Social Investment Program

39
Q

What is the purpose of the Youth Employment and Social Support operation?

A

Develops job training programs for young people and helps them find employment

40
Q

What does the National Cash Transfer Program provide?

A

Cash transfer payments to families facing emergencies

41
Q

What challenge has the NSIP faced in improving social welfare?

A

Lack of coordination

42
Q

Define fertility rate.

A

Average number of children born to a woman over her lifetime

43
Q

How could fertility rates be lowered?

A

Through secondary education

44
Q

What is import substitution industrialization (ISI)?

A

Putting tariffs on imports to promote local products

45
Q

How are judges in Nigeria appointed?

A

Nominated by the president and confirmed by the Senate

46
Q

What is the maximum number of judges on the bench in Nigeria?

A

21

47
Q

What is required of judges in Nigeria before their appointment?

A

Need to be an expert in the field for 10 years

AP Comparative Government and Politics (3 decks)

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