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AP Government > Chapter 9 > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Flashcards

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0
Q

Caucus

A

Elect national committee members

Local party meetings: closed meeting of political/legal group; candidates, strategy, legislative decisions.

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1
Q

527 committees

A

nonprofit independent groups that receive and disburse funds to influence the nomination, election, or defeat of candidates. Named after Section 527 of the Internal Revenue Code, which defines and grants tax-exempt status to nonprofit advocacy groups.

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2
Q

Divided government

A

One party controls presidency, the other the house.

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3
Q

Electoral realignment

A

Points of transition between political systems

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4
Q

Gender gap

A

Differences in voting tendencies of men versus women.

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5
Q

Machines

A

Old systems of powerful political parties and bosses. Ended with a loss of patronage.

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6
Q

Majority party

A

Party with most elected officials in office

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7
Q

Minority party

A

Party with least officials in office.

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8
Q

Multiple-member district

A

An electoral district that is represented by multiple members, multiple votes

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9
Q

National convention

A

Presidential/VP candidates are decided upon, as well as party rules and platforms.
Every 4 years

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10
Q

Nomination

A

A party’s endorsement of a candidate

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11
Q

Party Identification

A

Which party a person sides with

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12
Q

Jeffersonian Republicans

A

Farmers, free trade, French friendship, pro agriculture, less focused on commerce

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13
Q

Federalists

A

New England merchants, economic superpower, alien and sedition act, disappeared after war of 1812

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14
Q

Antifederalists

A

Decentralized power in the revolutionary era.

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15
Q

Democrats

A

Came from Jeff. Rep., were apposed by the Whigs and sprange up in the 1830’s

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16
Q

Party Era’s

7 of them

A
  1. Federalists versus Jeffersonian republicans
  2. Democrats versus Whigs
  3. Northern Republicans versus Southern Dems
  4. Powerful republicans versus weak Dems
  5. New deal powerful democrats vs. weak rep.
  6. Southern republicans versus weak Dems
  7. Dem vs. Rep
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17
Q

Proportional representation voting system

A

Not winner take all elections. Split representation in districts.

18
Q

Purpose of the national committees

A

Run parties, organize reelections, organize off year elections, mobilize public, establish platforms

19
Q

Party platforms

A

Often dismissed but, various party factions state their terms and is the official statement of party beliefs and goals.

20
Q

Critical election

A

An important election for a party to either get or keep dominance

21
Q

Dealignment

A

When the old system falls apart.

22
Q

Realignment

A

Issues that divide parties decline in relevance.

New parties build on new issues.

23
Q

Single member district

A

USA. Winner takes all district.

24
Q

Simple plurality

A

You only need the most votes, not majority.

25
Q

Political parties versus interest groups

A

Interest groups tries to manipulate current political situation.
Political parties try to get people elected to change policy.

26
Q

Suffrage

A

Right to vote.

Has been manipulated over time for the benefit of certain political parties.

27
Q

Parties in the US vs. EU

A

US has weak 2 party system. Plurality

EU has strong multi party system. Proportional representation

28
Q

Political parties form from…

A

Realignments or in other words invoice opinions.

29
Q

Third parties

A

Unvoiced opinions. Usually absorbed by the main parties.

30
Q

Low voter turnout is because….

A

Weak political parties and no more machine

31
Q

What supports the 2 party system in the US?

A

Wasted vote for a third party idea.

32
Q

Green Party

A

Environmentally concerned. Main proponent is Ralph Nader.

33
Q

Libertarian

A

Economic freedom with protection from big business. Spin off of Republican Party

34
Q

Congressional campaign committees.

A

Committee that runs the congressional elections. Competes with the national committee for funds. Both parties work to consolidate money between the 2 committees.

35
Q

Core Democrats make up.

A

Unions, cities, Minorities, northern and coastal states.

36
Q

Core Republican make up

A

Southerners, rural areas, middle class whites, conservative religious originations.

37
Q

Political and party structure.

A

National to state to local

38
Q

Tea party

A

Seek significant tax reductions and cause fissures in the Republican Party.

39
Q

Party polarization

A

Distance between parties. 1968 was the last time the parties were this polarized.

40
Q

Ralph Nader

A

Green Party candidate who may have caused Al Gore’s loss in the 2000 election. Ran for president in 2000,2004,2008

41
Q

Hard money vs, soft money

A

Limited regulation for soft money, and is used for party building. Collected nationally and distributed locally.
Hard money is raised directly for campaign financing.

42
Q

Citizens United

A

Allows for unlimited anonymous donations via interest groups.

AP Government (2 decks)

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