Chapter 9 Flashcards
initial response
A psychodocial factor
- state of shock due to acute stress reaction
- Anxiety & anger
- lowered sense of control
- secondary appraisal is common
- emotion focued coping (eg: denial)
adaptive coping tasks
Tasks related to the illness/treatment
- coping with symptom
* adjusting to hospital environment
* develop good relationships with practitioners
Tasks related to general psychosocial functioning
* control of negative feelings
* positive outlook
* preparing for uncertainty
Maladaptive Coping
Rumination is associated with exacerbation of symptoms.
Interpersonal withdrawal is associated with loneliness and low relationship satisfaction.
Avoidant coping (e.g., denial) is associated with increased psychological distress and can exacerbate the disease process; leads to poor adjustment to illness.
Denial
- impact on psychological functioning depended on the form of denial
- Distractive strategies were found to reduce distress, whereas passive escape mechanisms turned out to decrease psychological well-being.
Depression
Feelings of sadness, despair, helplessness, hopelessness
- associated with poorer adjustment to cancer and other chronic illnesses
Cancer and Depression
Depression impacts the survivability of patients
Stigma
- effects relationships
- associated with more problematic outcomes (eg depression)
Cancer and stigma
- cancer stigma depends on an individual’s identity & sense of self, perceived control & visibility of cancer, impact of daily function due to cancer
- correlated with reduced cancer screening for cervical, breast, and colorectal cancer
Adaptation
Several major adaptive tasks that allows for successful adjustments that continue indefinitely
Quality of Life (QoL)
- Based on physical, psychological, social functioning. Emphasis on daily life. degree of excellence people appraise their lives.
Self-Reported Health
- associated with prevalence of all diseases, onset of all diseases, and laboratory parameters of health
