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History of Journalism Final > Chapter 9-15 > Flashcards

Chapter 9-15 Flashcards

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1
Q

She made her name with her “quickie” biographies

a 22-part series

A

Ida Tarbell

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2
Q

target was JOHN D. ROCKEFELLER and the Standard Oil Company. In 1904, it was published as a book.

A

Ida Tarbell

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3
Q

Was the most thoroughly researched piece of work of the muckraking era

A

Ida Tarbell’s History of the

Standard Oil Company

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4
Q

“one of Mr. Rockefeller’s most impressive

characteristics is patience.”

A

An excerpt from McClure’s of Tarbell’s

famous piece

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5
Q

Edward Bernays

A

Institutional Visionary of PR

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6
Q

She was a muckracker
Got started with McClure’s Mag
22 part series on LIncoln

A

Ida Tarbell

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7
Q

Reconstruction/Industrialism
Her father was forced out of business by Rockefeller: “They had never played fair, and that ruined their greatness for me.”

A

Ida Tarbell

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8
Q

You must put in, if you would take out.”

A

An excerpt from McClure’s of Tarbell’s

famous piece

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9
Q

He was like a general who, besieging a city surrounded by fortified hills, views from a balloon the whole great field, and sees how, this point taken, that must fall; this hill reached, that fort is
commanded.

A

An excerpt from McClure’s of Tarbell’s

famous piece

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10
Q

And nothing was too small: the corner grocery in Browntown, the humble refining still on Oil Creek, the shortest
private pipe line.

A

An excerpt from McClure’s of Tarbell’s

famous piece

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11
Q

Nothing, for little things grow.”

A

An excerpt from McClure’s of Tarbell’s

famous piece

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12
Q 
What happened? How? 
1867: 
1890: 
1910: 
1911:
A

1867: Formation of Standard Oil
1890: Sherman Anti-Trust Act
1910: Rockefeller’s net worth = 2.5% US economy
or (today)
$250,000,000,000
= 2 x Bill Gates’ in the 1998 anti-trust suit
1911: Standard Oil case (muckraker’s paradise)

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13
Q

What decision lead to the breakup of Rockefeller’s company?

A

1911: Standard Oil case (muckraker’s paradise)

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14
Q

Decision breaks up Rockefeller’s company into six main entities:

A
  • Exxon
  • Mobil
  • Chevron
  • Amoco
  • Gulf
  • Texaco
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15
Q

She was so dedicated to her work that she risked being an outcast.
Not what you’d call a “feminist.”

A

Ida Tarbell

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16
Q

“Tears are not a part of the journalistic capital. An editor … has no leisure for ‘feelings’ … When a woman enters journalism she must not put forward her femininity to such an extent as to demand that the habits of an office be changed on her account.”

A

Ida Tarbell

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17
Q

When America’s leading writers were polled in 2000 to list the top 100 works of journalism in the 20th Century, ___________________________ ranked #5.

A

The History of the Standard Oil Company by Ida Tarbell

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18
Q

And what did Rockefeller do after the Standard Oil Case?

A

He went into pr!

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19
Q

Hired by Rockefeller after he decided to go into PR

A

Ivy Ledbetter Lee

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20
Q

“The father of pr”

A

Ivy Ledbetter Lee

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21
Q

Parker and Lee

1905

A

Ivy Ledbetter Lee

George Parker

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22
Q 
Parker and Lee forms partnership with
George Parker (Democratic campaign manager) Clients include:
A

Rockefeller

  • Pennsylvania Railroad
  • Assistant to Red Cross during World War I
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23
Q

Colorado coal miners strike Rockefeller family owns mines

+20 killed including women and children

A

Ludlow Massacre April 20, 1914

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24
Q

Who sung a song about the “Ludlow Massacre?”

A

Woody Guthrie

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25
Q

Woody Guthrie

A

Sung a song about the Ludlow Massacre

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26
Q

Standard Oil has been trust busted, but it needs something more than just a press agent—_________

A

it needs to change

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27
Q

Rockefeller’s image rehabilitated through _________ efforts, as well as _________.

A

public relations,

concessions to labor

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28
Q

Woodie Guthrie (how is he a source?)

A

He was there when the massacre happened and wrote a song about it.

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29
Q

One of Bernay’s clients:

_____________ (book publishers) Early 1930s

A

Simon & Schuster

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30
Q

How did Bernay get Simon & Schuster to sell more books

A

Sell Bookshelves!!! if there’s book shelves in every house people will want to fill them up.

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31
Q

“Torches of Freedom,” 1929 came from

A

Tobacco client of Edward Bernays

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32
Q

What did women start to do after “Torches of Freedom”

A

Smoking cigarettes

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33
Q

Why were cigarettes so big?

A

Cigarettes meant as symbols of manhood and importance of the society.

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34
Q

Torches of Freedom for women meant that

A

They were breaking social taboos set by men that only men could smoke cigarette.

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35
Q

___________________ has been described
as “the father of spin,” based on Propaganda and another central idea:
“The essence of democratic society” is the “engineering of consent”

A

Edward Bernays

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36
Q

Shot the lasting images of Spanish Civil War and the Second World War

A

Robert Capa

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37
Q

Robert Capa’s most famous pic

A

Spanish Republican at the moment he was shot.

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38
Q

Started the minimalist writing technique

A

Ernest Hemingway

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39
Q

The celebrated novelist covered the Spanish war for the North American Newspaper Alliance

A

Ernest Hemingway

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40
Q

The celebrated novelist covered the war for the North American Newspaper Alliance

A

Ernest Hemingway

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41
Q

“The Spanish Earth”

A

John Dos Passos , Ernest Hemingway, Joris Ivens

also featuring Orson Welles

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42
Q

A documentary showing the struggle of the Spanish Republican government against a rebellion by ultra-right-wing forces led by Gen. Francisco Franco and backed by Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy.

A

“The Spanish Earth”

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43
Q

“Possibly the most powerful propaganda film ever made, Triumph of the Will is also, in retrospect, one of the most horrifying.” – NYTimes review

A

“Triumph of the Will”

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44
Q

1934: Nazi Nuremburg rally Leni Riefenstahl produces

A

“Triumph of the Will”

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45
Q

This couldn’t have been what Bernays had in mind, but it was the manifestation of converged media at the time.

A

“Triumph of the Will”

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46
Q

Journalist: London Tribune

Author: Homage to Catalonia Animal Farm 1984 (among others)

Essayist, Social Critic

A

George Orwell

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47
Q

Journalist: London Tribune

Author: Homage to Catalonia Animal Farm 1984 (among others)

Essayist, Social Critic

A

George Orwell

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48
Q

6) Break any of these rules sooner than say anything outright barbarous. (Be a human)

A

An excerpt from “Politics and the English Language,” 1946.

-George Orwell

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49
Q

Quite possibly the greatest piece of satire ever written (1964).

A

Animal Farm by George Orwell

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50
Q

Quite possibly the greatest piece of satire ever written.

A

Animal Farm by George Orwell

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51
Q

A Revolution gone wrong:
“All animals are created equal. Some are more equal than others … Two legs good, four legs bad.”
1946“All animals are created equal. Some are more equal than others … Two legs good, four legs bad.”

A

Animal Farm by George Orwell

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52
Q

Murrow in London (in the early days of the Battle of Britain)

A

“This is London.”

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53
Q

An excerpt from a famous Murrow (CBS) broadcast:

“This … is Trafalgar Square”

A

“This is London.”

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54
Q

“This … is Trafalgar Square”

A

“This is London.”

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55
Q

Greatest piece of journalism in American History

Narration of 6 stories of people that were at Hiroshima

A

The Hiroshima Issue of the New Yorker

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56
Q

The Hiroshima Issue of the New Yorker was written by

A

John Hersey

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57
Q

M.A.D.

A

Mutually Assured Destruction

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58
Q

The new-fangled (and costly) invention doesn’t catch on until after the war.

A

Television

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59
Q

Wanted CBS to be No. 1 in news and entertainment

And he staged a raid worthy of WILLIAM RANDOLPH HEARST, hiring radio stars such as JACK BENNY

A

Paley

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60
Q

1941: CBS and NBC license ____________

A

commercial TV stations

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61
Q

1943: “stepchild of NBC”

A

ABC

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62
Q

First News broadcasts in

A

1948 after

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63
Q

___________ was the main TV advertisement. Oil also advertised

A

Tabaco

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64
Q

Usually ________ on tv broadcast for effect and bc cheap.

A

Smoked

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65
Q

Twin obsession of the 1950s

A

Domestic Communism & Rock n’ Roll

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66
Q

Newspaper person that went into television

A

Ed Sullivan

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67
Q

CBS Variety Series June 20, 1948 - June 6, 1971

A

Ed Sullivan

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68
Q

Every Sunday night for more than 20 years, this homely newspaper columnist with peculiar diction and awkward gestures brought an incredible variety of entertainment into American homes.

A

Ed Sullivan

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69
Q

Elvis sings “Hound Dog” on

A

The Steve Allen Show, 1956 (NBC)

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70
Q

_______ first appearance on Sullivan: 1956 (CBS)

A

Elvis

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71
Q

“The Wasit-up” Show

A

1957: Elvis

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72
Q

Another important transition from CBS radio to CBS TV:

Murrow’s decision to _______

A

enter the world of television in the 1950s soon gave the new medium credibility

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73
Q

First to do- In depth reporting, feature stories

A

“See it Now” - Murrow

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74
Q

The key player and assistant. Roy Cohn

A

Joeseph McCarthy

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75
Q

Was an artist of press manipulation (Senator, Wisconsin)

A

Joseph McCarthy

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76
Q

Announced list of “hundreds” of communist infiltrators in government, public institutions, and HOLLYWOOD, and promised to disclose names but never did.

A

Joseph McCarthy

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77
Q

He staged press conferences . . .

A

Joseph McCarthy

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78
Q

He staged press conferences . . .

A

McCarthy

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79
Q

Some of the great screenwriters of the time, including DALTON TRUMBO and RING LARDNER Jr., were called to testify.

A

The Hollywood 10

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80
Q

Outed people in Hollywood. (wrongly banished? or a traitor?)

A

Elia Kazan

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81
Q

Actors _____________ and ____________ lead the parade of actors in Washington to protest McCarthy’s tactics.

A

HUMPHREY BOGART &

LAUREN BACALL

82
Q

________________ broadcast about McCarthy in 1954 effectively ended the senator’s career

A

Murrow’s “See it Now”

83
Q

Murrow’s partner for his greatest work and later president of CBS News

A

FRED FRIENDLY

84
Q

“You be the judge”

A

FRED FRIENDLY

85
Q

Patriotant saint of broadcast journalism

A

Murrow & Friendly

86
Q

EDITOR/PUBLISHER of the Las Vegas Sun

A

Hank Greenspun

87
Q

Muckraking, aka

A

the literature of exposure (Greenspun)

88
Q

Muckraking, aka

A

the literature of exposure

89
Q

The ___________ Broadcasts March 9, 1954

A

McCarthy

90
Q

“Good Night and Good Luck” (2005) David Strathairn was based on the life of

A

McCarthy

91
Q

“Good Night and Good Luck” (2005) David Strathairn was based on the life of

A

McCarthy

92
Q

Murrow closed his famous March 9, 1954, segment on Joseph McCarthy paraphrasing _________

A

Shakespeare.

93
Q

“THE FAULT, DEAR BRUTUS, IS NOT IN OUR STARS, BUT IN OURSELVES”

-WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE, JULIUS CAESAR I.II.135-141.

A

Quote used by Murrow to close his famous segment on Joseph McCarthy

94
Q

“Have you no sense of decency?”

A

McCarthy with Joseph Welch on floor of Senate, June 9, 1954

95
Q

________ “Farewell” at the Radio Television News Directors Association Convention, Oct. 15, 1958 (the RTNDA speech)

A

Murrow’s

96
Q

“the boy genius”

A

Orson Welles

97
Q

“the boy genius”

A

Orson Welles

98
Q

His media career started in radio

“The Shadow Knows!” (1937)

A

Orson Welles

99
Q

Macbeth in Harlem, 1937

A

Orson Welles

100
Q

Macbeth in Harlem, 1937

A

Orson Welles

101
Q

OCTOBER 31, 1938, the day after:

“Radio Listeners in Panic, Taking War Drama as Fact.”

A

Orson Welles

102
Q

Produced by Radio-Keith-Orpheum (RKO) Pictures and Welles (through Mercury) as a joint venture of radio (RCA) and theatre executives.

A

Citizen Kane

103
Q

Welles’ punishment for

terrifying listeners?

A

An unprecedented contract.

104
Q

What happened to the careers of Welles and Hearst after the release of Citizen Kane?

A

Wells went up and Hearst went down

105
Q

What was rosebud in the film Citizen Kane

A

A sled from his childhood that he couldn’t get back.

106
Q

What was Hearst’s real-life rosebud?

A

Hearst’s mistress:

MARION DAVIES

107
Q

Times v. Sullivan (1964)

A

L.B. Sullivan, city commissioner, Montgomery, Alabama

Claims ad refers to him: Sues for libel

Jury grants $500,000 damages

Times appeals to Supreme Court . . .

108
Q

___________ argues on behalf of the “profound national commitment to the principle that debate on public issues should be uninhibited, robust, and wide-open”

A

UNANIMOUS COURT (Times v. Sullivan 1964) precedent

109
Q

A “public official” may not recover damages for defamatory falsehood unless statement
was made with “actual malice” or with “reckless disregard” of the truth.

A

Times v. Sullivan (1964) precedent

110
Q

A “public official” may not recover damages for defamatory falsehood unless statement
was made with “actual malice” or with “reckless disregard” of the truth.

A

Times v. Sullivan (1964)

111
Q

“the beginning and end of journalism history as we knew it”

A

FEAR AND LOATHING
The Counterculture
& Watergate

112
Q

It didn’t really start here, but this magazine definitely popularized the movement

A

Rolling Stones

113
Q

Goes to Berkeley, meets RALPH J. GLEASON, Drops out.

A

Jann Wenner

114
Q

Famous for trying to push the limits of free speech.

Screaming the F bomb

A

Jann Wenner

115
Q

Famous for trying to push the limits of free speech.

Screaming the F bomb

A

Jann Wenner

116
Q

An important music journalist and an aging hipster buddy of Wenner’s

A

Ralph J. Gleason

117
Q

San Francisco Chronicle, founding editor of Rolling Stone

A

Ralph J. Gleason

118
Q

The first issue: Nov. 5, 1967

A

The Rolling Stones

119
Q

The first issue: Nov. 5, 1967

A

The Rolling Stones

120
Q

___________ put ROLLING STONE on the cultural map

November 23, 1968

A

John Lennon

121
Q

___________ put ROLLING STONE on the cultural map

November 23, 1968

A

John Lennon

122
Q

The headline in the San Francisco Examiner was

A

“Nude Beatle perils city”

123
Q

The Annie Liebowitz picture was taken a day before

A

John Lennon

124
Q

The Annie Liebowitz picture was taken a day before

A

John Lennon

125
Q

Music was the first focus of the magazine, though it also sought to “embrace the lifestyle” the music represented.

A

The Rolling Stones

126
Q

Gonzo before there was “Gonzo”

A

Lester Bangs

127
Q

Life’s work collected as Psychotic Reactions and Carburetor Dung

A

Lester Bangs

128
Q

Died of a drug overdose

A

Lester Bangs

129
Q

1973: Wenner fires Bangs for being “disrespectful to musicians” and in turn promotes another colorful figure . . .

A

Hunter S. Thompson

130
Q

1973: Wenner fires Bangs for being “disrespectful to musicians” and in turn promotes another colorful figure . . .

A

Hunter S. Thompson

131
Q
  • High school dropout
  • National Observer, Latin America
  • San Francisco
A

“Dr.” Thompson’s Life

132
Q

He first came to Wenner’s attention as a candidate for sheriff of Aspen (1970)

A

Hunter S. Thompson

133
Q

He first came to Wenner’s attention as a candidate for sheriff of Aspen (1970)

A

Hunter S. Thompson

134
Q

This classic of literary journalism first appeared in two issues of Rolling Stone in 1971, credited to RAOUL DUKE. It appeared in book form, under THOMPSON’s name, in 1972.

A

Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas

135
Q

Thompson’s attorney

A

Oscar Zeta Acosta (Dr. Gonzo)

136
Q

“McKeen, You shit-eating freak. I warned you about writing that vicious trash about me. Now you better get fitted for a black eye patch, just in case one of your eyes gets gouged out by a bushy-haired stranger in a dimly-lit parking lot. How fast can you learn Braille? You are scum.”

A

Hunter S. Thompson

137
Q

“McKeen, You shit-eating freak. I warned you about writing that vicious trash about me. Now you better get fitted for a black eye patch, just in case one of your eyes gets gouged out by a bushy-haired stranger in a dimly-lit parking lot. How fast can you learn Braille? You are scum.”

A

Hunter S. Thompson

138
Q

His home was a fortified compound outside of Aspen

A

Hunter S. Thompson

139
Q

Pulitzer Prize winning writer for the Times

A

Seymour Hersh

140
Q

“the toughest reporter in America” (A GUARDDOG!)

A

Seymour Hersh

141
Q

“the toughest reporter in America”

A

Seymour Hersh

142
Q

March 1968 A division of American troops led by Calley enters _______ and, among other alleged crimes, kill approximately 500 unarmed men, women and children.

A

My Lai

143
Q

60’s referred to as the

A

second reconstruction

144
Q

My Lai fallout (what press story led to it?)

A

Calley convicted, sentenced, released

145
Q

26th Amendment (how did the media influence ratification?)

A

June 14: Attorney General John
Mitchell warns Times against further publication.

June 15: Government wins restraining order against Times – injunction extended to Post, which joined efforts to publish documents.

June 30, 1971
U.S. Supreme Court lifts the prior restraints (6-3 vote)

146
Q

Daniel Ellsberg leaks info … June 13, 1971

Neil Sheehan’s first story on the Pentagon Papers
“Vietnam Archive:

Pentagon Study Traces
3 Decades of Growing
U.S. Involvement.”

A

The Pentagon Papers

147
Q

Founders of modern journalism

A

Woodwar & Berstien

148
Q

Should woodwar and berstiein the ropes

A

Ben Bradlee

149
Q

Should woodwar and berstiein the ropes

A

BEN BRADLEE

150
Q

Washington Post publisher (1917-2001)

A

Katherine

Graham (Philip d. 1963)

151
Q

Post publisher (1917-2001)

A

Katherine

Graham (Philip d. 1963)

152
Q

All The President’s Men (1976) was about

A

the REAL Deep Throat

153
Q

“And that’s the way it is…”

A

“Uncle” Walter Cronkite

154
Q

“And that’s the way it is…”

A

Uncle Walter

155
Q 
Worked for:
CBS
ABC 
NBC 
CNN
A

Connie Chung

156
Q

60 minutes lead reporter (CBS)

A

Mike Wallace

157
Q

Media critic, Former Dean of Grad School of Journalism, UC, Berkeley, author of The New Media Monopoly

A

Ben H. Bagdikian

158
Q

“The Media” newspapers, magazines, books, movies, television, radio 6 to 20 huge corporations have dominant voice in developed and developing world, such as:

A

ABC/Disney; NBC/G.E; CBS/Viacom; Sony/Bertlesmann; Time/Warner; News Corporation … [others]

159
Q

Is it news, entertainment, both, or none of the above?

A

Infotainment

160
Q

the company formerly known as AOL/Time Warner definitely a trans-national media conglomeration

A

Time Warner

161
Q

He was responsible for creating this media empire, building it into an extension of himself, so that he is able to continue living, even though he is dead.

A

Henry R. Luce

162
Q

In the beginning, LUCE and his partner BRITON HADDEN begat

A 
• TIME magazine
Then LUCE (solo) begat
• FORTUNE
• LIFE
• SPORTS ILLUSTRATED
In death, LUCE begat
• MONEY
• PEOPLE
• IN STYLE ... and on and on and on
163
Q

The first Time issue: March 23, 1923

A

Congressman Joseph Gurney Cannon retires first modern news magazine

164
Q

Luce’s second magazine allowed him to glorify business

A

Fortune

165
Q

It began publishing in 1929, an odd time to glorify business

A

Fortune

166
Q

One of the primary forces behind LIFE was Luce’s second wife, playwright and ambassador _______

A

Clare Boothe Luce

167
Q

One of the primary forces behind LIFE was Luce’s second wife, playwright and ambassador _______

A

Clare Boothe Luce

168
Q
  • Playwright
  • Ambassador to Italy
  • Congress (R) Conn. (1942-46)
  • Vanity Fair, managing editor
  • War-time journalism for LIFE
A

Clare Boothe Luce

169
Q

Clare Boothe Luce helped her husband get access to …

A

TIME WARNER
• TIME INC./Time, LIFE, People, etc.; Book of the
Month Club; Little, Brown and Co.; Warner Books, etc.

  • WARNER BROS./Warner Bros. Pictures, New Line Cinema, WB Television, DC Comics, etc.
  • WARNER MUSIC/Atlantic, Warner, Reprise, Rhino, Maverick, etc.; Columbia House; music publishing, etc.
  • HBO/HBO, Cinemax, Comedy Central, cable companies, etc.
  • CNN/Turner Entertainment, TNT, etc.
  • AOL/AMERICA ONLINE (2001-2003)
170
Q

Since the 70s (if not well before then) conglomeration has had

A
  • Less competition
  • (i.e.) Approx. 99% cities have only one daily newspaper
  • Decrease in hard reporting
  • Increase in soft features
171
Q

“______ has unexpected effect on journalism,” AP, March 17, 2008

A

Web

172
Q

Old Man and the Sea

A

Hemingway’s last major piece of fiction

173
Q

Dan Rather was a part of

A

CBS evening news

174
Q

Dan Rather was a part of

A

CBS evening news

175
Q

Reported JFK assignation and Watergate

A

Dan Rather

176
Q

Nixon’s tapes (what role did they play?)

A

Sky rocketing Dan Rather’s career because he accused the president of not answering the questions of Watergate

177
Q

German film director, producer, screenwriter, editor, photographer, actress and dancer widely known for directing the Nazi propaganda film Triumph of the Will.

A

Leni Riefenstahl

178
Q

Prominence in the Third Reich, along with her personal association with Adolf Hitler, destroyed her film career following Germany’s defeat in World War II, after which she was arrested but released without any charges.

A

Riefenstahl

179
Q

Producer of 60 minutes

A

Lowell Bergman

180
Q

Distinguished Chair in Investigative Reporting at the Graduate School of Journalism at UC Berkeley and director of the Investigative Reporting Program, where he has taught a seminar dedicated to investigative reporting for over 20 years.

A

Lowell Bergman

181
Q

Producer/correspondent for the PBS documentary series Frontline.

A

Lowell Bergman

182
Q

“the most trusted man in America”

A

Walter Cronkite

183
Q

William Randolph Hearst and his New York Journal

A

Yellow Journalism

184
Q

American businessman and pioneer of American radio and television. Throughout most of his career he led the Radio Corporation of America in various capacities from shortly after its founding in 1919 until his retirement in 1970

A

David Sarnoff

185
Q

Founder of RCA (Radio Corporation of America) 1919

A

David Sarnoff

186
Q

Invented Frequency Modulation (FM)

A

Edwin Howard Armstrong

187
Q

he most prolific and influential inventor in radio history

A

Edwin Howard Armstrong

188
Q

The inventor of radio

A

Guglielmo Marconi

189
Q

“Father of Radio”

A

Lee de Forest

190
Q

A pioneer in the development of sound-on-film recording used for motion pictures.

A

Lee de Forest

191
Q

Theories on the possibility of the transmission by radio waves. Experiments also conducted

A

Nikola Tesla

192
Q

American publisher. She led her family’s newspaper, The Washington Post, for more than two decades, overseeing its most famous period, the Watergate coverage that eventually led to the resignation of President Richard Nixon.

A

Katherine Graham

193
Q

He is the founder, chairman and CEO of global media holding company News Corporation, the world’s second-largest media conglomerate,

A

Rupert Murdoch

194
Q

His News Corporation acquired Twentieth Century Fox (1985), HarperCollins (1989)[14] and The Wall Street Journal (2007)

A

Rupert Murdoch

195
Q

GE-NBC stands for

A

General Electric’s National Broadcasting Company

196
Q

CBS stands for

A

Columbia Broadcasting System

197
Q

ABC stands for

A

American Broadcasting Company

198
Q

“Good night and good luck” (who said it, why?);

A

Murrow

199
Q

Wo created CBS?

A

Paley

200
Q

“It is common talk among homosexuals in Milwaukee who rendezvous in the White Horse Inn that Senator Joe McCarthy has often engaged in homosexual activities.”

A

Las Vegas Sun, (Oct. 25, 1952)

Hank Greenspan about McCarthy

History of Journalism Final (1 decks)

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