Chapter-9

Question 1

Ecosystem

Answer 1

all the living things (biotic components) together with all the non-living things (abiotic components) in an area

Question 2

Biotic

Answer 2

living components of the environment that may affect other living things.

Question 3

Abiotic

Answer 3

non-living things components of the environment that may affect living things.

Question 4

Population

Answer 4

all the organisms of one species living in a defined area

Question 5

Community

Answer 5

a group of populations of different species that live together in an area and interact with each other.

Question 6

Habitat

Answer 6

the place within an ecosystem where an organism lives

Question 7

NIche

Answer 7

the role of a species within the ecosystem

Question 8

Brackish water

Answer 8

water that is salty but not as salty as seawater.

Question 9

Food Chain

Answer 9

a diagram showing the relationship between a single producer and primary, secondary, and tertiary consumers

Question 10

Photosynthesis

Answer 10

the process by which plants or plant-like organisms make glucose in the form of carbohydrate from carbon dioxide and water using energy from sunlight

Question 11

Producers

Answer 11

organisms within as ecosystem that can carry out photosynthesis

Question 12

Herbivore

Answer 12

another name for primary consumer

Question 12

Carnivore

Answer 12

another name for secondary and tertiary consumer

Question 13

Primary consumers

Answer 13

organisms within an ecosystem that derive heir food from producers

Question 14

Secondary consumers

Answer 14

organisms within an ecosystem that derive food from primary producers

Question 15

Tertiary Consumers

Answer 15

organisms within an ecosystem that derive their food from secondary consumers

Question 15

Decomposers

Answer 15

organisms within an ecosystem that derive their food from the bodies of dead organisms

Question 16

Food Web

Answer 16

a diagram showing the relationship between all (or most) of the producers, primary, secondary and tertiary consumers in an ecosystem

Question 17

Pyramid of numbers

Answer 17

a diagram that represents the number of organisms at each feeding(trophic) level in an ecosystem by a horizontal bar whose length is proportional to the numbers at the level

Question 18

Trophic Level

Answer 18

a feeding level within a food chain or web

Question 19

Chlorophyll

Answer 19

the green pigment in plants that traps light energy

Question 20

Respiration

Answer 20

the process by which living things release energy from food to carry out the processes of life, such as movement

Question 21

Pollen grain

Answer 21

the structure in plants that contains the male sex cell. It is carried to the female organ by pollination.

Question 22

Quadrat

Answer 22

a frame of the known area used to sample organisms that do not move, such as plants

Question 23

Random sampling

Answer 23

a sampling method in which the sampling device is placed using random number tables or the roll of dice

Question 24

Transect

Answer 24

a sampling method in which sampling devices are laid out along a line already placed across an area

Question 25

Systematic Sampling

Answer 25

a sampling method in which the sampling device is placed along a line or some other pre-determined pattern, the most common pattern being the line of a transect

Question 26

Pooter

Answer 26

a device for retrieving small animals from devices such as nets and pitfall traps

Question 27

Extinction

Answer 27

the process by which a species or other named group ceases to exist on the Earth or in a names area

Question 28

Climax Community

Answer 28

the stable community characteristic of an area that persists as long as the climate does not change