Chapter-9 Flashcards
Ecosystem
all the living things (biotic components) together with all the non-living things (abiotic components) in an area
Biotic
living components of the environment that may affect other living things.
Abiotic
non-living things components of the environment that may affect living things.
Population
all the organisms of one species living in a defined area
Community
a group of populations of different species that live together in an area and interact with each other.
Habitat
the place within an ecosystem where an organism lives
NIche
the role of a species within the ecosystem
Brackish water
water that is salty but not as salty as seawater.
Food Chain
a diagram showing the relationship between a single producer and primary, secondary, and tertiary consumers
Photosynthesis
the process by which plants or plant-like organisms make glucose in the form of carbohydrate from carbon dioxide and water using energy from sunlight
Producers
organisms within as ecosystem that can carry out photosynthesis
Herbivore
another name for primary consumer
Carnivore
another name for secondary and tertiary consumer
Primary consumers
organisms within an ecosystem that derive heir food from producers
Secondary consumers
organisms within an ecosystem that derive food from primary producers
Tertiary Consumers
organisms within an ecosystem that derive their food from secondary consumers
Decomposers
organisms within an ecosystem that derive their food from the bodies of dead organisms
Food Web
a diagram showing the relationship between all (or most) of the producers, primary, secondary and tertiary consumers in an ecosystem
Pyramid of numbers
a diagram that represents the number of organisms at each feeding(trophic) level in an ecosystem by a horizontal bar whose length is proportional to the numbers at the level
Trophic Level
a feeding level within a food chain or web
Chlorophyll
the green pigment in plants that traps light energy
Respiration
the process by which living things release energy from food to carry out the processes of life, such as movement
Pollen grain
the structure in plants that contains the male sex cell. It is carried to the female organ by pollination.
Quadrat
a frame of the known area used to sample organisms that do not move, such as plants
Random sampling
a sampling method in which the sampling device is placed using random number tables or the roll of dice
Transect
a sampling method in which sampling devices are laid out along a line already placed across an area
Systematic Sampling
a sampling method in which the sampling device is placed along a line or some other pre-determined pattern, the most common pattern being the line of a transect
Pooter
a device for retrieving small animals from devices such as nets and pitfall traps
Extinction
the process by which a species or other named group ceases to exist on the Earth or in a names area
Climax Community
the stable community characteristic of an area that persists as long as the climate does not change
