Chapter 9-12

Question 1

Without _____, leaders can miss important signals that something is going wrong.

Answer 1

feedback

Question 2

Open communication runs according to the traditional flow of selective information downward from supervisors to the subordinates.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Written communication is the highest in channel richness because it permits immediate feedback.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

A leader, as a(n) _____, uses communication to unite people around a common sense of purpose and identity.

Answer 4

communication champion

Question 5

The key elements of the communication process include encoding, transmitting the message through a channel, and decoding.

Answer 5

True

Question 6

The traditional role of a manager is that of a(n):

Answer 6

information processor.

Question 7

Which of the following is a guideline for using e-mail effectively?

Answer 7

Keep e-mail messages short and to the point.

Question 8

An example of nonverbal communication is:

Answer 8

management by wandering around.

Question 9

To communicate in a crisis, leaders should:

Answer 9

convoy a vision for the future

Question 10

In order to effectively use electronic communication, one should think twice before hitting “Send.”

Answer 10

True

Question 11

The richness of an information channel is influenced by the:

Answer 11

ability to handle multiple cues simultaneously.

Question 12

Leaders communicate to inspire and motivate people to strive toward a vision.

Answer 12

True

Question 13

Which of the following must be observed while sending an e-mail?

Answer 13

Use the subject line to grab the reader’s attention.

Question 14

To practice the art of persuasion, leaders should:

Answer 14

build goals on common ground.

Question 15

In many of today’s organizations, command-and-control management has proved to be very effective.

Answer 15

False

Question 16

A leader should maintain low visibility during times of rapid change, uncertainty, or crisis.

Answer 16

False

Question 17

“Management by wandering around” means that employees speak to leaders only through electronic channels of communication.

Answer 17

False

Question 18

In the communication process, the _____ is the tangible formulation of the thought or idea sent to the receiver.

Answer 18

Message

Question 19

In the communication process, the sender (such as a leader) initiates a communication by _____ a thought or idea.

Answer 19

Encoding

Question 20

Leaders can persuade others by:

Answer 20

establishing credibility.

Question 21

When leaders communicate with candor, they encourage others to do the same.

Answer 21

True

Question 22

An open communication climate in an organization is essential because:

Answer 22

a leader’s communication of a vision must be shared and practiced by them.

Question 23

Routine messages typically concern issues:

Answer 23

that people already understand and agree on.

Question 24

Leaders are responsible for communicating facts, statistics, and decisions.

Answer 24

False

Question 25

Leaders should select a communication channel to fit their message.

Answer 25

True

Question 26

In a crisis situation, a leader should refrain from absorbing people’s fears and uncertainties.

Answer 26

False

Question 27

Nonroutine messages:

Answer 27

are often characterized by time pressure and surprise.

Question 28

The result of a dialogue is marked by:

Answer 28

group unity, shared meaning, and transformed mindsets.

Question 29

Leaders communicate to:

Answer 29

inspire others to strive toward a vision.

Question 30

Nonverbal communication may be referred to as messages transmitted through electronic channels.

Answer 30

False

Question 31

Electronic methods of communication:

Answer 31

can increase the potential for communication errors.

Question 32

Which of the following is an advantage of a channel lower in richness?

Answer 32

Providing a record

Question 33

A discussion’s focus is to reveal feelings and builds common ground, with the emphasis on inquiry rather than advocacy.

Answer 33

False

Question 34

Email should be used for:

Answer 34

preparing a group of people for a meeting.

Question 35

_____ is the element of the communication process that enables someone to determine whether the receiver correctly interpreted the message.

Answer 35

Feedback

Question 36

The most important part of a leader’s job in a crisis situation is to:

Answer 36

to absorb people’s fears and uncertainties.

Question 37

Which of the following is true of a leader who is a good listener?

Answer 37

He or she pays complete attention to the message.

Question 38

Which of the following is a form of social media?

Answer 38

Blogs

Question 39

In most organizations, there are some issues that are characterized by strong emotions and extreme uncertainty and that can’t be resolved by resorting to facts and logic. These issues are referred to as _____.

Answer 39

Hot topics

Question 40

Face-to-face discussion:

Answer 40

is the richest medium of communication.

Question 41

_____ questioning helps leaders tap into the expertise and ideas of followers.

Answer 41

Leader-centered

Question 42

Which of the following is true of a leader as a communication champion?

Answer 42

He or she uses rich channels of communication.

Question 43

Persuasion is a valuable communication process that individuals can use to lead others to a shared solution or commitment.

Answer 43

True

Question 44

A discussion results in:

Answer 44

ratifying one’s position.

Question 45

Messages transmitted through actions, behaviour, facial expressions, and tone of voice are referred to as:

Answer 45

nonverbal communication.

Question 46

There is an increased potential for conflict among members of virtual teams because of the greater chances for miscommunication and misunderstandings.

Answer 46

True

Question 47

People slip into _____ when the desire for harmony outweighs concerns over decision quality.

Answer 47

Group think

Question 48

Small teams perform better than large ones because:

Answer 48

Member exchange more opinions

Question 49

Members on large teams typically ask more questions, exchange more opinions, and exhibit more cooperative behavior.

Answer 49

False

Question 50

Working in teams is right for every situation.

Answer 50

False

Question 51

An advantage of virtual teams is that organizations can save employees time and cut travel expenses when people meet in virtual rather than physical space.

Answer 51

True

Question 52

_____ is based on a win–win assumption, in that all parties want to come up with a creative solution that can benefit both sides.

Answer 52

Integrative negotiation

Question 53

Effective leaders should use the same conflict resolution style in every situation.

Answer 53

False

Question 54

A global team:

Answer 54

is a cross-border work team

Question 55

The _____ of handling conflict in a team reflects both a high degree of assertiveness and cooperativeness.

Answer 55

collaborating style

Question 56

In terms of the common dysfunctions of teams, people go along with others for the sake of harmony when they:

Answer 56

fear conflict.

Question 57

During the _____ stage of team development, the major emphasis is on accomplishing the team’s goals.

Answer 57

performing

Question 58

Which of the following behaviors is displayed by people who play a task-specialist role?

Answer 58

Initiate ideas

Question 59

Which of the following dysfunctions of teams results in members not accepting responsibility for outcomes?

Answer 59

Avoidance of accountability

Question 60

A group consists of people who:

Answer 60

do related work but may not depend on each other.

Question 61

Members on small teams have more disagreements and tend to form subgroups.

Answer 61

False

Question 62

The avoiding style of handling conflict reflects assertiveness to get one’s own way.

Answer 62

False

Question 63

One of the primary advantages of a virtual team is the ability to:

Answer 63

rapidly assemble talented people for a complex project.

Question 64

Self-directed teams are typically completely autonomous.

Answer 64

False

Question 65

Virtual teams meet and conduct their interactions face-to-face in the same physical space.

Answer 65

False

Question 66

Work in organizations is interdependent, which means that individuals and departments rely on other individuals and departments for information or resources in order to accomplish their work.

Answer 66

True

Question 67

_____ is a form of adversarial negotiation in which conflicting parties compete to win the most resources and give up as little as possible.

Answer 67

Distributive negotiation

Question 68

A team is a group of people, and the two are one and the same.

Answer 68

False

Question 69

The leader’s role during the _____ stage of team development is to encourage participation by each team member and help people find their common vision and values.

Answer 69

storming

Question 70

The first stage of team development is called norming.

Answer 70

False

Question 71

When quick decisive action is vital on important issues, the _____ style of handling conflict in a team is appropriate.

Answer 71

“my way”

Question 72

Which of the following statements is true of teams?

Answer 72

Teams work to accomplish a shared goal.

Question 73

During the _____ stage of team development, task performance is no longer a top priority and leaders frequently focus on team members’ social and emotional needs.

Answer 73

adjourning

Question 74

Which of the following is a common dysfunction of teams?

Answer 74

Lack of trust.

Question 75

The team role associated with facilitating others’ participation, smoothing conflicts, showing concern for team members’ needs, and reminding others of standards for team interaction is the:

Answer 75

socioemotional role.

Question 76

The storming stage of team development is marked by:

Answer 76

conflict and disagreement.

Question 77

Effective teams have people in task-specialist roles exclusively.

Answer 77

False

Question 78

A _____ is a team member who attains benefits from team membership but does not actively participate in and contribute to the team’s work.

Answer 78

free rider

Question 79

_____ refers to antagonistic interaction in which one party attempts to block the intentions or goals of another.

Answer 79

Conflict

Question 80

The dominating style of conflict handling in a team reflects:

Answer 80

assertiveness to get one’s own way.

Question 81

Daryl is a research analyst at Highend Inc. She works independently, without the need for a supervisor. When her team is offered a project, she sits along with her team members to plan and organize the work. Each team member takes turns to undertake a different role. This helps them gain experience in every aspect of their work. Each team member is held accountable for his or her work and every person works toward meeting the agreed deadline. In the given scenario, which of the following types of teams has been described?

Answer 81

Self-directed team

Question 82

During the forming stage of team development, the leader’s challenge is to facilitate interaction among team members.

Answer 82

True

Question 83

To be successful, virtual team leaders should:

Answer 83

use technology to build relationships.

Question 84

_____ focus on a particular goal and disband once the project is completed.

Answer 84

Special-purpose teams

Question 85

A _____ is made up of members from different departments within an organization.

Answer 85

cross-functional team

Question 86

People who adopt a socioemotional role:

Answer 86

encourage others to draw forth their contributions.

Question 87

People who play a task-specialist role often:

Answer 87

stimulate the team into action when interest drops.

Question 88

Employee morale is higher in cohesive teams.

Answer 88

True

Question 89

_____ are teams made up of members who work with minimum supervision and rotate jobs to produce a complete product or service.

Answer 89

Self-directed teams

Question 90

In terms of the common dysfunctions of team, inattention to results leads members to:

Answer 90

put personal ambition ahead of collective results.

Question 91

Machiavellian-style leaders focus on reaching out and working with others.

Answer 91

False

Question 92

One effective way to attract people to new behaviors or to make significant changes is to frame the request in a way that emphasizes the vision or higher purpose of the change.

Answer 92

True

Question 93

Network building does not impact followers’ perceptions of a leader’s abilities.

Answer 93

False

Question 94

_____, a follower response to the use of power, means that people follow the directions of the person with power, whether or not they agree with those directions.

Answer 94

Compliance

Question 95

Which of the following statements is true of charismatic leaders?

Answer 95

They use unconventional means to transcend the existing order.

Question 96

_____, a follower response to the use of power, means that people will obey orders and carry out instructions even though they may not like it.

Answer 96

Compliance

Question 97

One of the steps for effective coalitional leadership includes:

Answer 97

breaking down barriers and promoting cross-silo cooperation.

Question 98

Which of the following is one of the political tactics for asserting leader influence?

Answer 98

Using rational persuasion

Question 99

Which of the following types of leaders typically focus on gaining and using individual power?

Answer 99

Machiavellian-style leaders

Question 100

Influence is the capacity to cause a change in a person, whereas power may be thought of as the degree of actual change.

Answer 100

False

Question 101

Coercive power refers to the power to punish or recommend punishment.

Answer 101

True

Question 102

_____ refers to the effect a person’s actions have on the attitudes, values, beliefs, or actions of others.

Answer 102

Influence

Question 103

Power is the potential to influence others within an organization with the goal of attaining desired outcomes for power holders.

Answer 103

True

Question 104

Coalitional leaders:

Answer 104

observe and understand patterns of interaction and influence in an organization.

Question 105

Leaders use the human resource perspective to involve followers and give them opportunities for personal and professional development.

Answer 105

True

Question 106

Research indicates that most people feel a sense of obligation to give something back in return for favors others do for them. In the context of the principles for asserting leader influence, which of the following principles should a leader employ to exploit the given research finding?

Answer 106

Relying on the rule of reciprocity

Question 107

Leaders who use a wider variety of influence tactics are typically perceived as having:

Answer 107

greater power.

Question 108

Which of the following statements is true of coercive power of leaders?

Answer 108

It is the negative side of legitimate and reward power.

Question 109

In the context of stakeholder buy-in, who among the following are strong supporters and will help lead a change effort?

Answer 109

Advocates

Question 110

When workers admire a supervisor because of the way he or she deals with them, the influence is based on:

Answer 110

referent power.

Question 111

Paul, a salesman at an apparel store, did not close as many sales as was expected. Hence, his supervisor withheld his monthly incentive. In the given scenario, Paul’s supervisor possesses:

Answer 111

coercive power.

Question 112

The _____, a leader frame of reference, views organizations as arenas of ongoing conflict or tension over the allocation of scarce resources.

Answer 112

political frame

Question 113

Transformational leadership:

Answer 113

inspires followers to go beyond their own self-interests for the good of the group.

Question 114

_____ are good at traditional management functions such as planning and budgeting and generally focus on the impersonal aspects of job performance.

Answer 114

Transactional leaders

Question 115

A charismatic leader:

Answer 115

creates an atmosphere of change.

Question 116

In the political frame of leader reference, leaders perceive an organization as a system of shared meaning and values.

Answer 116

False

Question 117

In the context of the principles for leader influence, _____ means using facts, data, and logical arguments to convince others that a proposed idea or request is the best way to complete a task or accomplish a desired goal.

Answer 117

rational persuasion

Question 118

Coercive power of a leader derives from a leader’s special knowledge or skills regarding tasks performed by followers.

Answer 118

False

Question 119

Which of the following is a criterion that can guide ethical action?

Answer 119

The action should respect the rights of individuals and groups affected by it.

Question 120

_____ exercise power in the service of higher goals that will benefit others and the organization as a whole.

Answer 120

Socialized leaders

Question 121

Which of the following is true of sexual harassment in organizations?

Answer 121

It is illegal and an abuse of power.

Question 122

Which of the following types of leaders uses unconventional means to transcend the status quo and create change?

Answer 122

Charismatic leaders

Question 123

Reward power of a leader is the authority to punish subordinates or recommend punishment.

Answer 123

False

Question 124

In the context of follower responses to the use of power, the act of disobeying orders or deliberately avoiding carrying out instructions is known as _____.

Answer 124

resistance

Question 125

The _____, a leader frame of reference, views an organization as a rational system and strives for clarity of direction and control of results.

Answer 125

structural frame

Question 126

Follower _____, a response to the use of power, helps to overcome the fear associated with change efforts.

Answer 126

commitment

Question 127

Which of the following is a principle for asserting leader influence?

Answer 127

Relying on the rule of reciprocity

Question 128

Transformational leaders have the ability to lead changes in an organization’s vision, strategy, and culture as well as promote innovation in products and technologies.

Answer 128

True

Question 129

The responses to the use of power include compliance, resistance, and commitment.

Answer 129

True

Question 130

A specific area in which the unethical use of power is of increasing concern for organizations is sexual harassment.

Answer 130

True

Question 131

Personalized leaders are characterized as:

Answer 131

exploitative.

Question 132

_____ that includes expert power and referent power is based on personal characteristics and interpersonal relationships.

Answer 132

Soft power

Question 133

Charismatic leadership typically instills both awe and submission in followers, whereas transformational leadership seeks to increase follower engagement and empowerment.

Answer 133

True

Question 134

Personalized leaders exercise power in the service of higher goals that will benefit others and the organization as a whole.

Answer 134

False

Question 135

Who among the following use rewards and punishments to shape behaviour and do not mind exploiting the fears and desires of people to get them to follow rules?

Answer 135

Machiavellian-style leaders

Question 136

Glass walls offer experience in areas such as line supervision that would enable women to advance to senior-level positions.

Answer 136

False

Question 137

A benefit of employee affinity groups is that people often obtain sponsors through their affiliation with the groups.

Answer 137

True

Question 138

Which of the following statements is true of diverse workforce?

Answer 138

It can build stronger connections with various customers.

Question 139

As women and minorities move up the management hierarchy, they’re often finding it an easy road to travel.

Answer 139

False

Question 140

Unconscious bias theory suggests that white males slight women and minorities because people’s decisions are influenced by unconscious prejudice.

Answer 140

True

Question 141

A factor contributing to increased acceptance of diversity is:

Answer 141

globalization.

Question 142

The inclusive model of diversity includes all of the ways in which people differ including _____.

Answer 142

military experience

Question 143

In the context of the survey of followers, which of the following statements is true of female leaders?

Answer 143

They are more individually considerate than male leaders.

Question 144

Paying a woman less than a man for the same work is known as _____.

Answer 144

gender discrimination

Question 145

Professor and author Judy B. Rosener has called women’s approach to leadership interactive leadership.

Answer 145

True

Question 146

At stage 2 of personal diversity awareness, people are capable of integrating differences and adapting both cognitively and behaviorally.

Answer 146

False

Question 147

According to the Hofstede studies, _____ reflects the values of relationships, cooperation, group decision making, and quality of life.

Answer 147

femininity

Question 148

Employees belonging to a certain religion at a meat packing plant in the country of Atria protested against not being allowed extra break times to pray during their holy month. Employees not belonging to that religion felt that allowing extra breaks would amount to “preferential treatment.” In the context of the given scenario, which of the following statements is true?

Answer 148

Cultural differences provide potential for conflicts. Cultural differences provide potential for conflicts.

Question 149

According to Hofstede’s social value system, high uncertainty avoidance reflects a value for a loosely knit social framework in which individuals are expected to take care of themselves.

Answer 149

False

Question 150

Female leaders are typically rated lower by subordinates on interpersonal skills as well as on factors such as task behavior, communication, and goal accomplishment.

Answer 150

False

Question 151

Ethnocentrism is the belief that:

Answer 151

one’s culture and subculture are inherently superior to other cultures.

Question 152

All leaders need to be aware of the impact that culture may have and consider cultural values in their dealings with employees.

Answer 152

True

Question 153

Organizations establish workforce diversity programs to:

Answer 153

promote the hiring of diverse employees.

Question 154

All organizations need _____ to achieve high performance.

Answer 154

diversity of thought

Question 155

According to Hofstede’s research, masculinity reflects the values of relationships and cooperation, whereas femininity reflects a preference for achievement, heroism, and assertiveness.

Answer 155

False

Question 156

It is imperative that leaders in international organizations learn to understand local cultures and deal with them effectively.

Answer 156

True

Question 157

Which of the following statements is true of interactive leaders?

Answer 157

They favor a consensual process.

Question 158

Diversity refers to all the ways in which people differ, including the dimension of _____.

Answer 158

lifestyle

Question 159

In the United States, some women leaders feel that the cost of climbing the corporate ladder is too high and they leave before ever encountering the glass ceiling. This phenomenon has been referred to as the:

Answer 159

opt-out trend.

Question 160

In interactive leadership, the leader favors a consensual and collaborative process.

Answer 160

True

Question 161

_____ refers to a person’s ability to use reasoning and observation skills to interpret unfamiliar gestures and situations and devise appropriate behavioral responses.

Answer 161

Cultural intelligence

Question 162

Which of the following is a dimension of the traditional model of diversity?

Answer 162

Pay level

Question 163

Intellectual stimulation, a leadership quality, means questioning current methods and challenging employees to think in new ways.

Answer 163

True

Question 164

When a leader and company act out prejudicial attitudes toward people who are the targets of their prejudice, _____ occurs.

Answer 164

discrimination

Question 165

Which of the following statements is true of the glass ceiling?

Answer 165

Prevailing attitudes are invisible obstacles to women’s advancement.

Question 166

Today’s best leaders realize that diversity suppresses innovation and leads to poor decision making.

Answer 166

False

Question 167

_____ refers to strong support from a powerfully positioned executive who is willing to put his or her reputation on the line to promote an individual’s advancement to higher organizational levels.

Answer 167

Sponsorship

Question 168

According to Hofstede’s social value system, high power distance means that:

Answer 168

people accept inequality in power among institutions, organizations, and individuals.

Question 169

Which of the following statements is true of diversity?

Answer 169

It helps develop employee potential.

Question 170

Women leaders tend to be competitive and prefer vertical hierarchies.

Answer 170

False

Question 171

_____, a leadership quality, means questioning current methods and challenging employees to think in new ways.

Answer 171

Intellectual stimulation

Question 172

The manager of a company situated in the country of Aria lost a business deal with a company situated in the country of Iota. The Arian manager complained to the Iotan higher-level executives when he couldn’t obtain information from his counterparts in Iota. The higher-level Iotan executives were offended by his behavior. The Arian manager was surprised since hierarchy was never a matter of concern in his country. In the context of the given scenario, which of the following statements is true?

Answer 172

Behavior is perceived differently from culture to culture.

Question 173

In stage 1 of personal diversity awareness, _____.

Answer 173

legal requirements are met, but diversity is viewed as a problem

Question 174

Many minority leaders struggle daily with the problem of delegating authority and responsibility to employees who show them little respect.

Answer 174

True

Question 175

_____ refers to an adverse feeling or opinion formed without regard for the facts.

Answer 175

Prejudice

Question 176

According to a report from the National Bureau of Economic Research, white-sounding names got 50 percent more call-backs than African­ American names, even when skills and experience were equal. This is an example of _____ in the workplace.

Answer 176

unconscious bias

Question 177

Tracy and Richard work for QWERTY Corp. They have both been promoted as senior managers for a new project. However, Tracy gets paid lower than Richard for the same work. This is an example of:

Answer 177

gender discrimination.