Chapter 9

Question 1

boiling point

Answer 1

the boiling point is the temperature at which the vapour pressure EQUALS the atmospheric pressure (solvent molecules now have enough pressure/energy to oppose the atmospheric pressure and escape)

Question 2

The Van’t Hoff Factor

Answer 2

the number of particles into which a compound dissociates in solution

Question 3

concentration:

% composition by mass

Answer 3

(mass solute / mass solution) x 100%

Question 4

concentration:

Mole fraction (XA)

Answer 4

moles solute / total moles

Question 5

concentration:

Molarity

Answer 5

moles solute / Litres solution

Question 6

concentration:

Molality

Answer 6

moles solute / Kg solution

Question 7

concentration:

Normality

Answer 7

equivalents / Litres solution

Question 8

dilutions equation

Answer 8

M1V1 = M2V2

Question 9

solubility product constant

Answer 9

the equilibrium constant for a solid substance dissolving in an aqueous solution

Question 10

precipitation and Ksp

Answer 10

Q < Ksp → no precipitate will form

Q > Ksp → precipitate will form

Question 11

ion product (IP)

Answer 11

essential the reaction quotient (Q) for solubility

Tells us how close the solution is to is complete saturation

Question 12

determine saturation state by comparing IP to Ksp

Answer 12