Chapter 9

Question 1

Define rock deformation, stress, and strain

Question 2

Define the three varieties of stress

Question 3

Define elastic and plastic strain and fracture. When is strain permanent?

Question 4

List the factors that determine the type of strain

Question 5

Define the principal of original horizontality. Define strike and dip. Explain how strike and dip are used to determine the orientation of rock layers.

Question 6

Define a geoolgic structure

Question 7

Define folds. What type of stress is imvolved in folding? Define the parts of a fold: axial plane, limbs, and hinge line

Question 8

List the three basic types of folds. Explain how each structure forms.

Question 9

Define inclined, overturned, recumbent, non-plunging, and plunging folds. Where are they commonly found?

Question 10

Define a dome and basin. What is the dip of the structures and where is the oldest youngest rocks located?

Question 11

Define joints. What is a vein?

Question 12

Define a fault. Define the terms hanging wall block and footwall block as they relate to a fault.

Question 13

Discuss the types of dip-slip faults

Question 14

Define a strike-slip fault

Question 15

Define an oblique-slip fault

Question 16

Distinguish between a mountain range and mountain system

Question 17

Define an orogeny

Question 18

What is block faulting? Define horstsand grabens and give an example.

Question 19

Discuss the features produced by orogenic activity occurring at oceanic-oceanic plate boundaries

Question 20

Discuss the features produced by orogenic activity occurring at oceanic-continental plate boundaries

Question 21

Discuss the features produced by orogenic activity occurring at comtinental-continental plate boundaries

Question 22

Define continental accretion. What is an accretionary prism? Discuss the relationship between terranes and mountain systems.

Question 23

Discuss the principle of Isostasy and Isostatic rebound.