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ENT Cummings 7th > Chapter 81. Physiology of the Salivary Glands > Flashcards

Chapter 81. Physiology of the Salivary Glands Flashcards

1
Q

Basic unit of Salivary Gland

A

Acinus
Secretory Duct
Collecting Duct

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2
Q

Acinar type of Parotid

A

Serous - watery viscosity

25% unstimulated daily saliva

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3
Q

Acinar type of submandibular

A

Mixed - semiviscous

71% unstimulated saliva

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4
Q

Acinar type of Sublingual

A

Mucuos - viscous

3-4% unstimulated saliva

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5
Q

Acinar type of minor salivary gland

A

Mucous - viscous

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6
Q

Functions of saliva

A 
Lubrication and protection
Taste and digestion
Antibacterial activity
Maintenance of tooth integrity
Buffering and clearance
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7
Q

Subcomponent of saliva with the best lubricating properties

A

Mucin

-highest concentrations in saliva from minor and sublingual glands

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8
Q

Main immunologic mediator if saliva

a. IgG
b. IgM
c. IgA
d. IgD

A

Ans. C

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9
Q

Component of saliva that promotes aggregation and clearance of bacteria from the teeth

a. Mucin 1
b. Mucin 2
c. Lactoferrin
d. Enamel

A

Ans. B

A. adsorbs tightly to the tooth and, thus, contributes to the enamel pellicle, which protects the tooth from acid

B. easily displaced

C. principal function is that of scavenging free iron in fluids and inflamed areas to suppress free radical-mediated damage and decrease the availability of the metal to invading microbial and
neoplastic cells

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10
Q

At what age do saliva flow rates stabilize?

a. 6yo
b. 15yo
c. 6mos old
d. At birth

A

Ans. B

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11
Q

Average daily saliva secretion and rate

a. 1000-1500mL, 0.1mL/min
b. 2000-2500mL, 0.1mL/min
c. 1000-1500mL, 1mL/min
d. 1000-1500mL, 10mL/min

A

Ans. C

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12
Q

Biggest contribution in unstimulated saliva

a. Parotid gland
b. SMG
c. Minor salivary gland
d. Sublingual gland

A

Ans. B

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13
Q

Biggest contribution in stimulated saliva

a. Parotid gland
b. SMG
c. Minor salivary gland
d. Sublingual gland

A

Ans. A

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14
Q

Salivary hypofunction is a ___% reduction in the individual base saliva flow rate

A

50%

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15
Q

Most potent stimuli to the salivary center that elicits 10-fold increase in salivary flow

a. Gustatory
b. Olfaction
c. Vision
d. Touch

A

Ans. A

*Olfaction-weakest

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16
Q

Intraoral saliva flow volume is highest in

a. Tongue
b. Mandibular lingual area
c. Maxillary incisors
d. Maxillary interproxims

A

Ans. B

*lowest in C&D

17
Q

Principal salivary buffer system

a. Bicarbonate
b. pH
c. Phosphate
d. both A&C

A

Ans. A

18
Q

Saliva concentration of this ion is higher in SMG than in Parotid

a. Na
b. K
c. Ca
d. Cl

A

Ans. C

Na&K- higher in parotid
Cl- same

19
Q

Site of fluid generations and most of exocrine protein secretion

a. Acinus
b. Myoepithelial cells
c. Intercalated duct
d. Demilune

A

Ans. A

20
Q

Tonicity of saliva upon entering the mouth

a. Isotonic
b. Hypertonic
c. Hypotonic
d. Atonic

A

Ans. C (25meq/L NaCl) - most are reabsorses in the duct

21
Q

Membrane transport system in fluid secretion in the acini

a. Na/K/2CI cotransporter located in the basolateral membrane of the acinar cell
b. calcium (Ca2+)-activated K channel in the basolateral membrane
c. a calcium-activated Cl channel localized to the apical membrane
d. an adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase)-driven Na/K
pump in the basolateral membrane.

A

All of the above

22
Q

Parasympathetic supply to the parotid gland

A

Inferior salivatory nucleus&raquo_space; Glossopharyngeal nerve&raquo_space; Jacobson nerve&raquo_space; otic ganglion&raquo_space; (postganglionic) auriculotemporal branch of the trigeminal nerve&raquo_space; parotid gland

23
Q

Parasympathetic supply to the SMG

A

Superior salivatory nucleus&raquo_space; nervus intermedius&raquo_space; chorda tympani&raquo_space; submandibular ganglion&raquo_space; SMG

24
Q

Sympathetic supply to parotid and SMG

A

Superior cervical ganglion&raquo_space; follows the major arterial vessels to the gland

25
Q

Characteristic of saliva (water component, pH, specific gravity)

A

99.5% water
pH 5.75-7.05
1.0012-1.002 specific gravity

26
Q

Where the salivary center is located

a. Medulla
b. Pons
c. Cerebellum
d. Cerebrum

A

Ans. A

ENT Cummings 7th (8 decks)

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