Chapter 8.1 - Electric Charge Flashcards

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1
Q

The most fundamental rule of electrical behavior…

A

Like Charges Repel; Opposite Charges Attract

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2
Q

Why is Charge like a Baton in a Relay Race?

A

It can be passed from one object to another but can’t be lost.

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3
Q

Where do electrical forces comes from?

A

Particles in Atoms

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4
Q

Is the nucleus of an atom positively or negatively charged?

A

Nucleus is positively charged

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5
Q

Are the circling electrons positively or negatively charged.

A

Electrons are Negatively Charged.

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6
Q

All Electrons are what?

A

Identical: Same mass and same quantity of negative charge.

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7
Q

What is a nucleus composed of?

A

Protons and Neutrons

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8
Q

Size of proton compared to electron

A

Proton is 2000 times bigger than electron

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9
Q

Proton’s positive charge compared to magnitude of Electron’s negative charge.

A

Positive charge of proton is equal in magnitude to the negative charge of electron

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10
Q

Neutron’s mass and charge

A

Neutron has slightly greater mass than proton but no charge

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11
Q

How many Electrons vs Protons in an Atom

A

There are usually the same amount of electrons (negative) as protons (positive) in an atom so it has a zero net charge.

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12
Q

What will 2 positive charges do when put in contact?

A

They will repel one another

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13
Q

What will a positive and negative charge do when put in contact?

A

They will attract one another

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14
Q

If an atom has as many electrons as protons, what is the atom’s charge?

A

It has a net charge of zero (and is neutral) because the total positive charge balances the total negative charge exactly

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15
Q

If an electron is removed from a neutral atom, what is the charge of the atom?

A

The atom is positively charged:

It has one more positive charge (proton) than negative charge (electron)

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16
Q

What is a Charged Atom Called?

A

An Ion

17
Q

Did a Positive Ion gain or lose electrons?

A

Lost electrons

18
Q

Did a Negative Ion gain or lose electrons?

A

Gained Electrons

19
Q

Why are Electrons able to continue revolving around the Proton & Neutron Nucleus?

A

The positive and negative charges of the protons and electrons attract each other

20
Q

What’s the difference between electrons that are close to the nucleus and electrons that are far away from the nucleus?

A

Electrons that are close to the nucleus are tightly held

The electrons that are farther away are held loosely and can be easily dislodged

21
Q

What determines how much energy it takes to tear an electron away from an atom

A

It varies depending on the type of substance

22
Q

Are electrons held more tightly in wool & fur or in rubber & plastic

A

Rubber and Plastic- it takes more energy to tear their electrons away

23
Q

If plastic and wool are rubbed together, whose electrons will transfer to whom?

A

The wool’s electrons will transfer to the plastic and make the plastic negatively charged; while the wool lost electrons and is positively charged

24
Q

Define and Electrically Charged Object

A

An object that has unequal numbers of electrons and protons

25
Q

What is an object with more electrons than protons

A

Negatively Charged

26
Q

What is an object with more Protons than Electrons

A

Positively Charged

27
Q

What is the Principle of Conservation of Charge

A

Electrons (or electric charges) are neither created nor destroyed but are simply transferred from one material to another

28
Q

Can electrons be divided?

A

No - Every object has a charge that is based on a whole-number multiple of the charge of an electron

29
Q

If you scuff electrons onto your shoes while walking across a rug, are you negatively or positively charged?

A

You are negatively charged because you gained electrons (negative charges)