Chapter 8 Test (Volcanoes and Volcanism)

Question 1

The depression found at the top of most volcanic cones is called a?

Answer 1

Crater

Question 2

A rapid downhill movement of hot, solid, volcanic particles suspended in steam is a?

Answer 2

Pyroclastic flow

Question 3

A mudslide caused by a volcano is called a?

Answer 3

Lahar

Question 4

Which of the following volcanic structures is the most common?

Answer 4

Stratovolcano

Question 5

Which of the following statements describes a typical young-earth geologist’s view of volcanoes?

Answer 5

Most formed during or shortly after the flood.

Question 6

Vertical is to dike as horizontal is to?

Answer 6

Sill

Question 7

Batholiths and laccoliths are both types of?

Answer 7

Plutons

Question 8

A good example of a hydrothermal circuit is…

Answer 8

the eruption of a geyser.

Question 9

A spring that periodically ejects large amounts of hot water and steam is known as a?

Answer 9

Geyser

Question 10

A volcano is made of?

Answer 10

Igneous rocks

Question 11

The term… ? …is used to describe lava that has cooled and solidified on the ground.

Answer 11

Tephra

Question 12

The Circum-Pacific volcano belt is sometimes called the…

Answer 12

Ring of Fire

Question 13

Sills and dikes are products of?

Answer 13

Intrusive Volcanism

Question 14

Geyser water is heated by?

Answer 14

Magma

Question 15

What is magma that reaches the earth’s surface called?

Answer 15

Lava

Question 16

What is a volcano having no historical record of eruption and showing no seismic indications of activity called?

Answer 16

Extinct Volcano

Question 17

What are tiny, angular, glassy fragments called?

Answer 17

Ash

Question 18

What is a streamlined mass of ejected lava that has solidified in flight called?

Answer 18

Bomb

Question 19

What is a volcano that emits mostly lava in quiet eruptions called?

Answer 19

Shield Volcano

Question 20

What is a volcano that emits mostly cinders, ashes, and bombs?

Answer 20

Cinder Cone

Question 21

What type of rock are volcanoes made of?

Answer 21

Igneous

Question 22

Viscous lava contains more… ? …than runny lava does.

Answer 22

Silica

Question 23

Many more deaths occur from volcanic eruptions due to… ? …that from flowing lava.

Answer 23

Pyroclastic Flows

Question 24

Thick layers of igneous rock covering large portions of the earth thought to have formed when huge quantities of magma were released through cracks in the earth’s crust are called…

Answer 24

Flood basalts.

Question 25

According to the USGS, a volcano that has not erupted in historical times but is not significantly eroded is called a(n)…

Answer 25

Dormant volcano

Question 26

A scale that geologists use to classify the destructiveness of a volcanic eruption is called the…

Answer 26

Volcanic explositivity index (VEI)

Question 27

Wall-like igneous intrusions are called…

Answer 27

Dikes

Question 28

Secular geologists believe that most of the earth’s internal heat comes from?

Answer 28

Radioactive Decay

Question 29

The internal energy of the earth that is sometimes harnessed for man’s use is called?

Answer 29

Geothermal energy

Question 30

How can earth science help reduce the risk of natural hazards from volcanoes?

Answer 30

As geologists study volcanoes, they can better understand their structure, activity, and hazards. That helps is to protect people’s lives and possessions.

Question 31

Why do geysers and hot springs produce distinctive mineral deposits?

Answer 31

Hot groundwater is very effective at dissolving minerals in the rock that it flows over. The hot water cools when it reaches the surface, causing the minerals to precipitate.