Chapter 8 Terms- 8.1, 8.2, 8.3

Question 1

displacement

Answer 1

a measurement of the change in position of a moving body; a straight line connecting the start and end points is specified in terms of length and direction

Question 2

distance

Answer 2

a measurement of how far apart objects are

Question 3

error

Answer 3

the difference between the value that is measured and the actual measurement.

Question 4

gradient

Answer 4

slope of a hill of a graph : gradient = rise/run

Question 5

instantaneous speed

Answer 5

the speed of an object at a particular moment

Question 6

precision

Answer 6

how close measured values are to each other

Question 7

random error

Answer 7

error that changes

Question 8

reaction distance

Answer 8

distance moved while reacting to an emergency

Question 9

reaction time

Answer 9

the length of time it takes a driver to respond to a hazard

Question 10

scalar quantity

Answer 10

a quantity, such as distance or time that has size but not direction

Question 11

speed

Answer 11

the rate of change of distance

Question 12

systematic error

Answer 12

error that always differs by the same amount

Question 13

vector quantity

Answer 13

a quantity, such as displacement or velocity, that has size and direction

Question 14

velocity

Answer 14

the rate of change of displacement

Question 15

acceleration

Answer 15

rate of change of velocity

Question 16

air resistance

Answer 16

friction between the air and a moving object

Question 17

terminal velocity

Answer 17

the final velocity that an object falls with no further acceleration possible due to air resistance

Question 18

inertia

Answer 18

the tendency of an object to resist changes in its motion

Question 19

newtons first law of motion

Answer 19

an object at rest will remain this way unless it is acted upon by an unbalanced force; an object that is moving will continue to move in the same manner unless acted upon by an unbalanced force

Question 20

newtons second law of motion

Answer 20

an object will accelerate in the direction of an unbalanced force acting upon it such that: F net=m x a

Question 21

newtons third law of motion

Answer 21

for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction