Chapter 8: Team dynamics Flashcards
The 3 team characteristics:
- permanence
- skill diversity
- authority dispersion
departmental teams & characteristics
permanence: high
skill diversity: low
authority dispersion: low
self-directed teams & characteristics
permanence: high
skill diversity: high
authority dispersion: high
task force & characteristics
permanence: low
skill diversity: high
authority dispersion: medium
3 levels of task interdependence:
-low-
1. pooled interdependence
2. sequential interdependence
3. reciprocal interdependence
-high-
effective team member behavior (5 C’s)
- cooperating
- coordinating
- communicating
- comforting
- conflict handling
Team development model:
forming –>
storming –>
norming –>
performing
(adjourning)
The 6 team roles
- organizer
- doer
- challenger
- innovator
- team builder
- connector
difference teams & groups
team members are interdependent on each other groups are not
benefits of informal groups
- feeds our drive to bond
- we define ourselves by the groups we belong to (social identity theory)
- comfort of the presence of others
- accomplish personal objectives that can not be done alone
Why teams are more productive:
- drive to bond motivates to fulfill goals
- high accountability to others
- performance standard
process losses
resources expended toward team development and maintenance rather than the task. (Increase with team diversity & size)
Brook’s law
adding more people to a team slows down the project
social loafing
people exert less effort when working in teams than working alone
When is social loafing more likely?
- when individual performance is hidden
- work has low significance
- team dynamics undermine employee motivation
- based on personal characteristics (like low agreeableness/conscientiousness)
How to minimize social loafing:
- make smaller teams
- measure individual performance
- specialize tasks
- increase job enrichment
- increase mindfulness of team obligations
- select motivated, team-oriented employees
Team effectiveness model: main categories
Organizational & team environment
Team design
Team processes
Team effectiveness
Team effectiveness model: Organizational & team environment
- rewards
- communication
- organizational structure
- organizational leadership
- physical space
Team effectiveness model: team design
- team characteristics
- team size (6 members)
- team composition
Team effectiveness model: team processes
- team development
- team norms
- team cohesion
- team trust
- team mental models
Team effectiveness model: team effectiveness
- accomplish tasks
- satisfy members needs
- maintain team survival
team characteristics
- specialized roles
- structured tasks (low task variability, high task analyzability)
- high task interdependence (if same goal)
task interdependence
the extent to which members must share materials/info/expertise in order to perform their job
