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Skin > Chapter 8- Skin Physiology > Flashcards

Chapter 8- Skin Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

The study of the skins functions

A

Skin physiology

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2
Q

The microscopic study of the skins tissue

A

Skin Histology

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3
Q

Makes up the skin and it’s layers

A

Integumentary system

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4
Q

The study of the skin its structure functions diseases and treatment

A

Dermatology

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5
Q

A physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases of the skin hair and nails

A

Dermatologist

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6
Q

Tiny openings or passageways which allows sweat or sebum to pass through the surface of the skin

A

Pores

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7
Q

In opening that contains the root of a hair with in it

A

Hair Follicle

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8
Q

Protection absorption secretion sensation excretion and regulation

A

Six functions of the skin

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9
Q

A complex mixture of fatty substances that keeps the skin soft supple and pliable

A

Sebum

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10
Q

A mixture of water with salt and other chemicals

A

Sweat

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11
Q

The primary component of skin cells

A

Keratin

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12
Q

Makes up the fingernails

A

Hard Keratin

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13
Q

Makes up the skin

A

Soft Keratin

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14
Q

Is the outermost layer of the skin (also referred to as the cuticle or scarf skin)

A

Epidermis

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15
Q

Consist of the protein Keratin

A

Keratinocytes

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16
Q

Cover and protect the inside of the body

A

Epithelial cells

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19
Q

The first passageway into the skin is the toughest layer of the epidermis

A

Stratum corneum

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20
Q

The chemical conversion of living cells into dead protein cells

A

Keratinization

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21
Q

Cells that protect the layers below the stratum corneum

A

Squamous Cells

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22
Q

Keratinocytes remain tightly interconnected by intercellular connections.

A

Desmosomes

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23
Q

Layer is found throughout the body but is the thickest on the palms of the hands in the soles of the feet. (Transparent Layer)

A

Stratum Lucidum

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24
Q

Thick skin areas that provide your palms and soles with traction

A

Epidermal ridges/whorls

25
Q

Cells or more regularly shaped and resemble many tiny granules in this layer.

A

Stratum Granulosum

26
Q

Often called the spiny layer because of the desmosomes that appear as spines between the cells

A

Stratum Spinosum

27
Q

Help protect the body from infection

A

Langerhans Cells

28
Q

The lowest layer of the epidermis also called the basal layer.

A

Stratum Germinativum

29
Q

Foul smelling perspiration

A

Bromidrosis

30
Q

Contain specialized cellular connections.

A

Hemidesmosomes

31
Q

Touch receptors or sensory cells that are only found in thick skin in the stratum germinativum

A

Merkel Cells

32
Q

Gives skin its color

A

Melanocytes

33
Q

Often referred to as the true skin. Is 25 times thicker than the epidermis and nourishes the lower epidermis

A

Dermis

34
Q

Responsible for the formation of fibers in aid in the production of collagen and elastin

A

Fibroblast Cells

35
Q

Makes up approximately 70% of the dermis

A

Collagen

36
Q

A fibrous protein similar to collagen in is the basis of what forms elastic tissue

A

Elastin

37
Q

Found in the dermis these cells respond to allergies by releasing small granules called histamines

A

Mast cells

38
Q

Four main sensation receptors

A

Meissners Corpuscles, Ruffinis

Corpuscles, Pacinian Corpuscles, Krause End Bulb.

39
Q

Found in the reticular dermis produce sweat. Controlled by the bodies nervous system

A

Sudoriferous glands

40
Q

Are the sweat glands located under the items in the genitals and the nipples. Also found in the dermis

A

Apocrine glands

41
Q

Are the sweat glands located throughout the entire body and are most abundant on the four head the palms of the hands in the soles of the feet.

A

Eccrine Glands

42
Q

Lowering body temperature

A

Thermoregulation

43
Q

Continually produce and secrete sebum a complex mixture of fatty acid’s

A

Sebaceous gland

44
Q

Is located beneath the dermis and is composed primarily of adipose (fatty) tissue.

A

Subcutaneous layer

45
Q

Defense system that continually searches out foreign substances such as bacteria viruses parasites or toxic materials, provoke an immune response in the body.

A

Antigens

46
Q

Recognize antigens displayed on the langerhans cells to assist in destroying them

A

T-Cells

47
Q

Factors affecting cell turnover

A

Age, sun exposure, use of exfoliating agents, treatments and skin conditioner

48
Q

The physical process of removing dead skin cells with an abrasive product such as a scrub

A

Mechanical or manual exfoliation

49
Q

The substance that binds, adds structural strength, and mediates bio chemical interactions between cells

A

Intercellular cement

50
Q

Factors affecting skin absorption

A

Thicker or heavier the stratum corneum the slower the rate of penetration, Poor size the larger the pores the faster the rate of penetration.

51
Q

A change in the structure of the skin tissue

A

Lesion

52
Q

Changes in the structure of the skin during the early stages of change and development

A

Primary lesion

53
Q

A solid formation above the skin often caused by insect bites or an allergic reaction

A

Wheal

54
Q

A hereditary rash or an inflammation of the skin characterized by dry sensitive irritated skin

A

Atopic dermatitis

55
Q

An allergic reaction that produces an irruption of wheals

A

Hives

Skin (2 decks)

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