Chapter 8 Quiz

Question 1

Industrial Revolution

Answer 1

The change from a agrarian society to one based on industry which began in Great Britain and spread to the United States around 1800

Question 2

Capitalism

Answer 2

The economic system of the United States

Question 3

Capital

Answer 3

Money into a business in hopes of making a profit

Question 4

Free enterprise

Answer 4

Is another term used to describe the American economy. The major elements of free enterprise are competition profit private property and economic freedom

Question 5

Technology

Answer 5

Scientific discoveries that simplify work

Question 6

Eli Whitney

Answer 6

Inventor of the cotton grin and interchangeable parts

Question 7

Cotton grin

Answer 7

A simple machine that quickly and efficiently removed seeds from cotton fiber

Question 8

Patent

Answer 8

Gives an investor the sole legal right to the invention and its profits for a certain period of time

Question 9

Samuel Slater

Answer 9

Had worked in the factory that use machines invented by Richard Arkwright for spinning cotton thread that later he memorized and brought it to America which made an important step in the industrial role of the revolution in America

Question 10

Francis Cabot Lowell

Answer 10

Opened a textile plant in Waltham, Massachusetts

Question 11

Interchangeable parts

Answer 11

Identical machine parts that could be put together quickly to make a complete product

Question 12

Factory system

Answer 12

Is system that brought manufacturing steps together in one place to increase the efficiency

Question 13

65% of Americans

Answer 13

Were farmers

Question 14

Northeast

Answer 14

Farmers tended to be small and produce was usually marketed locally

Question 15

South

Answer 15

Cotton production increased dramatically

Question 16

Southern

Answer 16

Plantation owners use enslaved workers to plant, tend, and pick the cotton what you then were placed into a cotton Gin

Question 17

Census

Answer 17

Official cattle population of the nation

Question 18

Turnpikes

Answer 18

Tollroads fees travelers pay to use these roads help pay for Constitution

Question 19

National Road

Answer 19

Federal government build a road to connect to the East Congress approved funds for this national road to the west and five years later agreed on the route the first section from Maryland Celeste original did not open until 1818 the national Road reach Ohio and continue onto Vandilla Illinois

Question 20

Rivers The problem

Answer 20

First of all most rivers pointed toward the north-south direction not east to west for most people and goods were headed second traveling upstream by barge against the current was an extremely difficult and slow way to travel

Question 21

Robert Fulton

Answer 21

developed a steamboat with a powerful engine that seek its way of the Hudson River to Albany.

Question 22

Canal

Answer 22

An artificial water way

Question 23

Lake Erie

Answer 23

Connected Hudson ever with Buffalo

Question 24

Locks

Answer 24

Separate compartments where water levels were raised or lowered

Question 25

Trade unions

Answer 25

Organizations of workers with the same trade or skill

Question 26

Strikes

Answer 26

Refusing to work in order to put pressure on employers

Question 27

Prejudice

Answer 27

An unfair opinion that is not based on facts

Question 28

Discrimination

Answer 28

Unfair treatment of the group

Question 29

Sarah Bagely

Answer 29

Petitioned the state legislature for a 10 hour day

Question 30

Lowell girls

Answer 30

Only girls working at the mill in a factory in lowell Massachusetts

Question 31

Famine

Answer 31

Is an extreme shortage of food

Question 32

Immigration

Answer 32

The biggest population the Irish and the second largest group of immigrants was Germany

Question 33

Irish immigrants and half of German immigrants were Roman Catholics what problems did this do

Answer 33

Immigrants face prejudice

Question 34

Nativist

Answer 34

People who are opposed to immigration

Question 35

The know nothing party

Answer 35

The nativist form secret anti-Catholic socialites and in the 1850s they join to form a new political party the American party the party had became a force in American politics resisting immigrant to settle on American soil