Chapter 8- Progressive Era Flashcards
Square Deal
Theodore Roosevelt’s program to work for the needs of the people
Trusts
A group of companies who stock is controlled by central Board of Directors
Trust-busting
Term for Theodore Roosevelt breaking up of trusts
Elkins act
1903 it prevented railroads from giving refunds two favorite customers
Hepburn act
1906 it gave the government the power to cut railroad rates it felt were too high and to regulate pipelines
Coal strike of 1902
Theodore Roosevelt help settle the strike and for the first time a presidential concerned for the demand of working people instead of just for the rich business owners
Meet inspection act of 1906
This law was passed because of an expose on the filthy conditions in the meatpacking industry exposed in the book the jungle setting up a program a federal me inspections
Pure food and drug act
The federal government took the first steps toward banning Bally prepared foods and dangerous drugs
William Howard Taft
The man Theodore Roosevelt picked to replace him in the 1908 presidential election he won easily
Tariff issue
Progressives wanted tariffs reduced so prices for American consumers would go down but the government refused to do it and Taft went along
Man Elkins act
1910 the federal government through the interstate commerce commission gain the power to regulate telephone, telegraph, cable and wireless companies
New nationalism
After Taft anger the progressives Theodore Roosevelt emerged to run for a third term on this platform. Theodore Roosevelt’s new philosophy was far more liberal and pro reform in the old square deal. He wanted more safety and welfare lots more taxation of business and more regulation of large corporations
Republican convention of 1912
Theodore Roosevelt who is unhappy with tabs conservationism decided to run for president again but the Republicans chose Taft
Bullmoose party
Theodore Roosevelt and his supporters started this new party and ran theater Roosevelt for president in 1912 against a Republican Taft in the Democrat Wilson
Election of 19
There were four candidates the Democrat Wilson one and the Democrats also one control of Congress
Woodrow Wilson
28th president of the US had been president of Princeton University and governor of New Jersey before you became president
Underwood tariff
1913 1st Terrace since the Civil War that lower tariff duties to make good cheaper for the American people
Federal Reserve act
1913 I three-level federal system designed to improve the economy and control the money supply still important today
Clayton antitrust act
1914 law against monopolies, spelled out in clear terms what corporations could not do
Federal trade commission
Government agency designed to hold unfair practices by businesses
Conservation
The preservation and wise use of natural resources
John Muir
Famous conservationist and friend of Theodore Roosevelt’s who wanted lands protected from development completely
Sierra Club
Conservationist organization founded by John Muir in 1892 that is still active today and preserving Americas natural heritage
Yellowstone
Worlds first national park founded in 1872
Gifford Pinchot
A leading conservationist who tried to teach lumber companies how to harvest trees without destroying the forest
Theodore Roosevelt on conservation
He made conservation a national issue making all the people aware of the eventual disappearance of our natural resources
Antiquities act
1906 allow the president to set landmarks of greatest oracle importance as national monuments
National reclamation act
1902 money from the sale of government land could be used to build dams in other irrigation projects
National conservation commission
Theodore Roosevelt set this up to encourage the governors of all states to implement conservation programs in their own
Ballinger-Pinchot controversy
This sword relations between Theodore Roosevelt and Taft and conservationists Pinchot believed that ballin get was an enemy of conservation
National Park Service
Created by Wilson to oversee and manage the nations federal parks
Jane Addams
Pioneer in the field of social work who founded the settlement house movement through the establishment of whole house in Chicago Illinois
Margaret Sanger
Medicated urban poor about the benefits of family planning for birth control. She found in the organization that became planned parenthood
Booker T. Washington
Former slave who founded the Tuskeegee Institute that focused on teaching African-Americans trade skills to earn a living and gain the trust of white society
WEB Dubois
Founder of the NAACP and a Harvard educated professor who focused on the need for traditional liberal arts education for African-Americans who could then insist upon equal treatment and rights for white society
Thomas Nast
Made political cartoons, his subject was political crap shouldn’t buy New York City’s political machine Tammy Hall, led by boss Tweed
Tweed was convicted of embezzlement and died in prison
Jacob Riis
How the other half lives-he studied living conditions of the urban tour, focus on tenements
Nyc passed building codes to promote safety and health
Ida B Wells
A red record, provided statistics on the lynching of African Americans
NAACP join the fight for federal anti-lynching legislation
Frank Noris
The octopus, this fictional book exposed monopolistic railroad practices in California
Ida Tarbell
History of standard oil company, exposed the Rufus tactics of the standard oil company through a series of articles published in McLarens magazine
Standard oil company was declared a monopoly and broken up
Lincoln Steffans
Examined political corruption in cities across the United States
Cities began to use city commissions and city managers
Upton Sinclair
The jungle, investigated dangerous working conditions and unsanitary procedures in the meatpacking industry
In 1906 they meet inspection act and pure food and drug act will pass
City commissioner plan
Cities hired experts in different fields to run a single aspect of city government. For example the sanitation commissioner would be in charge of garbage and sewage removal
City manager plan
A professional city manager is hired to run each department of the city and report directly to the city Council
Secret ballot
Privacy at the ballot box ensures that citizens can cast votes without party bosses knowing how they voted
Initiative
Allows voters to petition the state legislatures in order to consider a bill desired by citizens
Referendum
Allows voters to decide if a bill or proposed amendment should be passed
Recall
Allows voters to petition to have an elected representative removed from office
Direct primary
Ensures that voters elect candidates to run for office rather than party bosses
16th amendment 1913
Granted Congress the power to tax income
17th amendment 1913
Provided for the direct election of US senators
18th amendment 1919
Prohibition making, selling, or transporting alcohol
19th amendment 1920
Provided woman suffrage
Social gospel
Blended ideas from German socialism and American progressivism into a plan for building a better society
Theodore Roosevelt
26th president of the US, took over after McKinley was assassinated in 1901
Progressivism
Emerged in the 1890s Progressives believe that new ideas and honest efficient government could bring about social justice
Settlement house
Community center that provided social services to the urban poor
Florence Kelly
Believe that woman or hurt by the unfair prices of goods they had to buy to run their homes she helped found the national consumers league
National consumers league
Founded by Florence Kelly the NCL gave special labels to goods produced under fair safe and healthy working conditions and herbs women to buy them and avoid products that do not have these labels
Temperance movement
Is group promoted temperance the practice of never drinking alcohol
Carrie Chapman cat
Traveled around the country urging women to join the national American woman suffrage Association she became president of the NAWSA
Alice Paul
Formed the national woman’s party which used public protest marches. The first group to march with picket signs outside the White House
Mutualistas
Groups that made loans and provided legal assistance
