chapter 8 - photosynthesis

Question 1

adenosine triphosphate

Answer 1

(ATP). one of the most important compounds that cells use to store and release energy

Question 2

heterotrophs

Answer 2

obtain energy by consuming/eating other living things

Question 3

autotrophs

Answer 3

organisms that make their own food like plants

Question 4

photosynthesis (brief definition)

Answer 4

the process when plants convert the energy of sunlight into chemical energy stored in the bonds of carbohydrates

Question 5

pigments

Answer 5

light- absorbing molecules. photosynthetic organisms capture energy from sunlight with pigment.

Question 6

chlorophyll

Answer 6

plants’ principal pigment

Question 7

thylakoids

Answer 7

saclike photosynthetic membranes inside chloroplasts.

Question 8

granum

Answer 8

stacked thylakoids

Question 9

stroma

Answer 9

the fluid portion of the chloroplast, outside of the thylakoids

Question 10

NADP+

Answer 10

(nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate). NADP+ accepts and holds 2 high-energy electrons and a hydrogen ion which converts them into NADPH.

Question 11

photosynthesis equation

Answer 11

6CO2 + 6H2O –light—–> C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 12

photosynthesis equations (words)

Answer 12

carbon dioxide + water —light—-> sugars + oxygen

Question 13

light dependent reactions

Answer 13

require direct involvement of light and light- absorbing pigment. takes place in the thylakoids

Question 14

light independent reactions

Answer 14

ATP and NADPH molecules produces in the light- dependent reactions, are used to produce high-energy sugars from carbon dioxide. no light is required and it takes place in the stroma

Question 15

reactant(s) of light- dependent reactions

Answer 15

water [H2O + (light)]

Question 16

product(s) of light dependent reactions

Answer 16

oxygen (O2)

Question 17

reactant(s) of light- independent reactions

Answer 17

CO2 (carbon dioxide)

Question 18

product(s) of light independent reactions

Answer 18

sugars

Question 19

photosystems

Answer 19

clusters of chlorophyll and proteins. surrounded by accessory pigments and are essential to light dependent reactions

Question 20

electron transport chain

Answer 20

series of electron carrier proteins that shuttle high- energy electrons during ATP generating reactions

Question 21

ATP synthase

Answer 21

a protein that the thylakoid membrane contains. it spans the membrane and allows H+ ions to pass through it

Question 22

calvin cycle

Answer 22

(light independent reactions). ATP and NADPH from the light dependent reactions are used to make hight energy sugars

Question 23

most important factors that affect photosynthesis are…

Answer 23

temperature, light intensity, and the availability of water