Chapter 8: Periodic Trends Flashcards
True or false: Mendeleev was the first person to attempt to arrange in the elements
False
True or false: the modern Periodic Table s based in Mendeleev’s first table and ideas used to arrange the elements
True
Mendeleev arranged the elements based on ___ and ___
atomic mass
similar chemical properties
What two elements did Mendeleev use chemical properties to predict the existence of?
- eka-aluminum (gallium)
2. eka-silicon (germanium)
The quantum mechanical theory describes the behavior of electrons, which helps to describe chemical because due to the fact that ______
bonding involves the transfer/sharing of electrons
What does an electron configuration show?
particular orbitals occupied by electrons
Describe the concept of electron spin
Spin of electrons causes the splitting of a bean of silver atoms (quantized)
What are the two spins?
Spin up (+1/2) Spin down (-1/2)
What is the Pauli Exclusion Principle
No two electrons may have the same four quantum numbers
Each atomic orbital can contain a max of __ electrons
2
The spin of each electron in the same atomic orbital must be _
opposite
True or false: the orbital for a multi electron atom are degenerate
False
The energy of orbitals depends on the value of ___
l
Place in order of increasing energy
nd
ns
np
nf
ns
Cr electron configuration
[Ar]4s13d5
Mo electron configuration
[Kr]5s14d5
Cu electron configuration
[Ar]4s13d10
Ag electron configuration
[Kr]5s14d10
Metals tend to __ electrons to achieve noble gas configuration
lose
Nonmetals tend to __ electrons to achieve noble gas configuration
gain
Trends for atomic radius
- down a column
- across a row
- down: increases
2. across: decerases
Paramagnetic atoms
At least one unpaired electron
Diamagnetic atoms
All paired electrons
Cations are ___ than neutral atoms
smaller
