Chapter 8: Interviewing Techniques

Question 1

Interview questions are based on _______.

Answer 1

the Referral Question

Question 2

Structured Interview

Answer 2

Highly structured interviews give strong reliability coefficients, but they lack meaningful (valid) information

Question 3

Unstructured Interview

Answer 3

Give valuable data a, but have the lowest inter-rater reliability

Question 4

Directive Interview

Answer 4

.

Question 5

Non-Directive Interview

Answer 5

.

Question 6

Selection Interviews

Answer 6

More Job focused

Question 7

Diagnostic Interviews

Answer 7

More to diagnose emotional functioning

Question 8

What is the primary method of collecting data in cliinical psychiatry, clinical, counseling, educational, and correctional psychology?

Answer 8

Interview

Question 9

What are three situations that allow for an exception to the rule of avoiding probing statements?

Answer 9

1. ) when you are working with a client that you have already developed a relationship with
2. ) when working with young children
3. ) when working with individuals who have cognitive disabilities.

Question 10

What are types of responses to keep the interaction flowing?

Answer 10

1. The interviewer shouldn’t be doing a lot of talking
2. Transitional sentences
3. Verbatim playback
4. Paraphrasing
5. Restatement
6. Summarizing
7. Clarifying
8. Understanding/empathy

Question 11

What are examples of transitional phrases? What should you do if a transitional phrase doesn’t work?

Answer 11

Ex. “Yes,” I see,” “Go on,” “And”

If the transitional phrase does not work, try not to change topics but keep the communication on what you are talking about.

Question 12

What is verbatim playback?

Answer 12

When the interviewer repeats the interviewee’s exact words; generally leads to an elaboration of the interviewee’s previous response

Question 13

Describe the responses of paraphrasing and restatement. What is the difference between the two?

Answer 13

Both types of responses include repeating an interviewee’s response using different words; they capture the meaning of the interviewee’s response.
A paraphrase tends to be more similar to the interviewee’s response than a restatement.

Question 14

What does it mean to summarize in an interview?

Answer 14

When someone uses summarizing, they pull together the meaning of several of the interviewee’s responses. It goes just beyond the interviewee’s response. It may involve a combination of verbatim playback, paraphrasing, and restating.

Question 15

What is a clarification response?

Answer 15

It is a response that serves to clarify the interviewee’s response.

Question 16

Describe the empathy and understanding response. What does it convey to the interviewee and what can it help the interviewer to recognize?

Answer 16

The empathy and understanding response communicates that the interviewer understands how the interviewee feels and helps the interviewer to recognize underlying emotions.

Ex. “These moments are precious to you.”

Accurate empathy elicits self-exploration.

Question 17

Describe the Level-One response

Answer 17

Level-one responses bear little or no relationship to the interviewee’s response.

Question 18

Describe the level-two response

Answer 18

Level-two responses express a superficial understanding of what the interviewee said. The individual who makes a level-two response never goes beyond his or her own limited perspective.
Level-two responses impede the flow of communication.

Question 19

Describe the Level-Three response

Answer 19

A level-three response is interchangeable with the interviewee’s statement
-it is the minimum level of responding that can help the interviewee.
Examples: paraphrasing, verbatim playback, clarification statements, and restatements

Question 20

What are level-four and level-five responses?

Answer 20

Level 4 and level 5 responses provide empathy and go beyond the interviewee’s statement either noticeably or significantly.

Question 21

What is active listening?

Answer 21

Active listening is the foundation of good interviewing skills for many different types of interviews. It is an understanding response.
–make eye contact, sit up straight, etc and it will allow you to provide level 4 and 5 responses.

Question 22

What are four types of responses to avoid in an unstructured interview?

Answer 22

1. Judgmental or evaluative statements
2. Probing statements
3. Hostile responses
4. False reassurance

Question 23

Describe the Open-ended question. When should it be used and what does it let us know about the interviewee?
Provide examples.

Answer 23

Open-ended questions keep the interaction flowing. Except for in structured interviews, this type of question can effectively initiate the interview process. Open-ended questions let us know what is important to the person.
Examples: “what kinds of cars do you like?”, “Can you tell me about your problems?”, “What is your father like?”

Question 24

What effect does a closed-ended question have on the interview? What are examples of closed-ended questions?

Answer 24

Closed ended questions can be answered specifically and they tend to bring the interview to a halt. This violates the principle of keeping the interaction flowing.
Examples: “Do you like sports cars?”, “Are you having a problem?”, “Is your father strict?”

Question 25

List the four types of interviews described in the chapter 8 outline.

Answer 25

1. Evaluation Interview
2. Structured Clinical Interview
3. Case History Interview
4. Mental Status Examination

Question 26

• What approach is typically taken in the case history interview?
• What is the purpose of the case history interview?
• Is this type of interview relatively easy to present on a computer?
• Is it conducted in an unstructured, semi-structured, or structured fashion?

Answer 26

• developmental approach: it examines the individual’s entire life, beginning with infancy or the point at which the given type of history is first relevant.
• purpose: to understand an individual’s background in order to accurately interpret individual test scores.
• they are easy to present on a computer
• unstructured, and semi-structured

Question 27

What is the goal of the evaluation interview?

In what types of situations would this form of interview be used?

Answer 27

• The evaluation interview typically involves confrontation; it is used to point out discrepancies or inconsistencies, and can be useful if done tactfully and with kindness
• it is often used in involuntary and forensic situations

Question 28

Describe the structured clinical interview.
What is it typically used for?
What is an example of a structured clinical interview?
What is a major limitation of this form of interview?

Answer 28

Description: very specific questions asked in a very specific order, more reliable and valid form of interview, scoring procedures can be used based on responses
Use: to determine the presence or absence of a disorder
Example: SCID for obsessive-compulsive disorder
Major limitations: relies heavily on the respondent, lacks flexibility

Question 29

Describe the mental status examination.

What are its uses?

Answer 29

Uses: used in psychiatric and neurological examinations to diagnose psychosis, brain damage,many other major mental health problems
Assesses things such as appearance, attitudes, emotions, intelligence, memory, judgement, thoughts, ideas, etc.

Question 30

Describe the “Halo effect.”

Answer 30

The halo effect is when we make quick initial impressions and then spend the rest of the interview trying to confirm that initial judgement; it can compromise the validity of a diagnosis, particularly when the halo is negative.