Chapter 8 Hypothesis Testing. Flashcards
Hypothesis testing
Is a statistical method that uses sample data to evaluate a hypothesis about a population.
The null hypothesis
States are that in the general population there is no change, no difference, or no relationship. In the context of an experiment, H0 predicts that the independent variable (treatment) has no effect on the dependent variable (scores) for the population.
Scientific, or alternative, hypothesis.
The alternative hypothesis (H1) states that there is a change, a difference, or a relationship for the general population. In the context of an experiment, H1 predicts that the independent variable (treatment) does have an effect on the dependent variable.
Critical region
The critical region is composed of the extreme sample values that are very unlikely ( as defined by the alpha level) to be obtained if the null hypothesis is true. The boundaries for the critical region are determined by the alpha level. If sample data fall in the critical region, the null hypothesis is rejected.
Level of significance
The alpha level, or the level of significance, is a probability value that is used to define the concept of “very unlikely” in a hypothesis test.
Alpha level
The alpha level, or the level of significance, is a probability value that is used to define the concept of “very unlikely” in a hypothesis test.
Alpha level
The alpha level, or the level of significance, is a probability value that is used to define your he concept of “very unlikely” in a hypothesis test.
critical region
The critical region is composed of extreme sample values that are very unlikely ( as defined by the alpha level) to be obtained if the null hypothesis is true. The boundaries for the critical region are determined by the alpha level. If sample data fall in the critical region, the null hypothesis is rejected.
Significance
Means the null hypothesis has been rejected.
