Chapter 8-classical China Flashcards
In 99 B.C.E. the great historian of China, Sima Qian, suffered from castration because
his view contradicted the emperor’s judgment.
Confucius left an enduring mark on Chinese society as
an educator and political advisor.
By junzi, or “superior individuals,” Confucius meant
superior individuals with a broad view of public affairs.
Confucius never composed formal writings, but his disciples collected his remarks into a work called the
The analects
Mencius, the principal spokesman for the Confucian school, advocated that
government should be organized through benevolence and humane action.
The concept dao means
the original force of the cosmos, an eternal and unchanging principle that governs all the workings of the world.
An individual who practiced the Daoist virtue of wuwei would
go with the flow of the cosmos and live in harmony with nature.
Individuals in traditional China could live as “Confucians by day . . . and Daoists by night.” This refers to the notion that
Confucianism and Daoism were not mutually exclusive but, in many people’s eyes, complemented each other.
To make a strong and powerful state, Legalist ministers
encouraged agricultural cultivation and military service.
The First Emperor Qin Shihuangdi
ordered the burning of most books.
ordered workers to link defensive walls into one barrier.sentenced scholars to be buried alive.
standardized the written script laws and measured weights
The excavation site of the First Emperor’s tomb near modern Xi’an is a great tourist attraction. When you visit the tomb, you can see
a great terra-cotta army of Qin soldiers and cavalry.
The great Qin empire only lasted a few years. It was ended by
Waves of revolt
Liu Bang
constructed the most highly decentralized state in China’s history up to that point.
Han Wudi, the greatest and most energetic emperor of the Han dynasty, was remembered by later generations
As the “martial emperor”
In preparing government officials, the imperial university of the Later Han enrolled more than three thousand students, with its curriculum primarily based on
Confucianism
Han Wudi decided to go on the offensive against the Xiongnu primarily because
he wanted to pacify them and create a central Asian corridor to trade.
Which of the following is NOT true with regard to Chinese silk?
Sericulture was first discovered by the Chinese during the Han dynasty.
After 100 C.E. most Chinese writing was on
Paper
After Wang Mang usurped the throne of the Han, he attempted to
restore land that had been taken from the royal family.
An event leading to the collapse of the Han dynasty was
Yellow turban uprising
Confucius
Aristocratic roots
Teachings the analects
Unemployment and then died
Confucius ideas
Ethics and politics avoided religion and metaphysics
Ren, li and xiao were Confucian values
Ren-benevolence
Li-discipline,harsh punishment, obedience
Xiao- filial piety
Mencius (fist Confucius ruler)believed in what principle
And was very what like
Ren
He was very optimistic
Not influential
Zuni
Believed in li believed in fundamental selfishness of humanity(all humans were selfish little people)
Daoism was
Daoism was the critics of Confucianism and was founded by Laozi
The Sao was like
Water(soft yet yielding) like empty cavity
Doctoring of wuwei
Attempt to control the universe when in chaos
Living a simple life in harmony with nature (disengaging)
No ambition or education
Legalism
Emphasis on state
Ruthless ends justifies the means
Struck punishment for violators
Han feign forced to drink poison suicide
According to legalist doctorine the two strengths of the state were also it distrusted
Military and agriculture
Distrusted pure intellectual or cultural pursuits
Often imitated but rarely praised
After unification of China came the win dynasty what did the first emperor do
Centralized bureacracy= precedent United the Great Wall of china China Qin was xiangyang Ordered scholars to be buried alive (460) Burned most books Executed all who didn't agree with him
The first emperor standardized what
Weights and measures Script Laws Currencies Roads and bridges
Tomb of first emperor
Conscripted laborers
Slaves,concubines,were buried
Lou banged formed the what dynasty
Han dynasty which he believed had the Mandate of Heaven
