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Medical Terminology > chapter 8 Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

chapter 8 Cardiovascular System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

angi/o

A

blood vessel

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2
Q

aort/o

A

aorta

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3
Q

arter/o arteri/o

A

artery

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4
Q

atri/o

A

atrium

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5
Q

cardi/o

A

heart

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6
Q

coron/o

A

crown/circle, heart

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7
Q

my/o myos/o

A

muscle

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8
Q

pect/o pector/o

A

chest

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9
Q

valvul/o

A

little vessel

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10
Q

ven/o

A

vein

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11
Q

ventricul/o

A

little belly, ventricle

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12
Q

prefix a-

A

without absence of

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13
Q

brady

A

slow

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14
Q

dys-

A

bad/painful/abnormal/difficult

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15
Q

tachy-

A

rapid/fast

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16
Q

angi/o

A

blood vessel

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17
Q

cardi/o

A

heart

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18
Q

cyan/o

A

blue

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19
Q

rhythm/o rrhythm/o

A

rhythm

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20
Q

sten/o

A

narrow

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21
Q

suffix -a

A

singular

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22
Q

-algia

A

condition of pain

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23
Q

-dynia

A

condition of pain

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24
Q

-genic

A

pertaining to producing/forming

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25
Q

-ia

A

condition of

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26
Q

-osis

A

condition of

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27
Q

-plegia

A

paralysis

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28
Q

-sis

A

state of

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29
Q

-spasm

A

sudden involuntary muscle contraction

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30
Q

Primary symptom of an unsufficent supply of oxygen to the heart is chest pain called (latin chest choke) very slight pressure to an overbearing pain radiating to shoulders upper left arm and back

A

angina pectoris

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31
Q

narrowing of a blood vessel is a sign of cardiovascular disease causing reduction of blood flow to the part of the body at the receiving end of the narrowed vessel

A

angiostenosis

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32
Q

a loss of normal rrhythm of the heart

A

arrythmia

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33
Q

angi/o

A

any blood vessel vein or artery

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34
Q

aort/o

A

aorta

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35
Q

ater/o arteri/o

A

artery

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36
Q

atri/o

A

left right atrium both recieve blood

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37
Q

coron/o

A

heart

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38
Q

valvul/o

A

little valve heart has 4

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39
Q

vas/o

A

vessel(arteries/veins)

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40
Q

vascul/o

A

little vessel

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41
Q

ven/o

A

vein

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42
Q

ventricul/o

A

ventricle or little belly. Left and right ventricles are the lower chamvers of the heart they pump blood

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43
Q

the cardio vascular system is responsible for:

A

circulating a continuous supply of oxygen/nutrients to the body, and undending removal of waste products

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44
Q

how long can brain live without oxygen

A

5 mins

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45
Q

if level of nutrients too high or too low our cells can

A

become damaged

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46
Q

slow heart/how many beats is normal heart rate under 69 beats per minute

A

bradycardia 60-90 beats per minute

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47
Q

alternative term for the symptom chest pain

A

cardiodynia

48
Q

condition of the heart

A

cardiogenic

49
Q

symptom of blue tinge seen in the skin and mucous membranes caused by not enough oxygen in tissues common sign of respiratory failure caused by cardiovascular disease

A

cyanosis

50
Q

symptom of pounding racing or skipping of the heartbeat

A

palpitation (latin a throbbing)

51
Q

rapid heart rate may symptom of heart disease if heart exceeds 100 beats/min

A

tachycardia

52
Q

temporary loss of consciousness. (Fainting) result of temporary reduction of blood flow to the brain(frequent episodes can be sign of cardiovascular disease)

A

syncope greek to cut short

53
Q

-genic

A

generate/produce

54
Q

chest pain or pressure

A

angina pectoris

55
Q

endo-

A

within

56
Q

epi-

A

upon/over/on top/above

57
Q

hyper-

A

Excessive

58
Q

hypo-

A

deficient

59
Q

peri-

A

around

60
Q

poly-

A

excessive over many

61
Q

phleb/o

A

vein

62
Q

angi/o

A

blood vessel

63
Q

ather/o

A

fatty plaque

64
Q

isch

A

hold back

65
Q

scler/o

A

hard

66
Q

sept/o

A

putrifyin/wall partition

67
Q

sten/o

A

narrow

68
Q

tampon/o

A

plug

69
Q

tens/o

A

pressure

70
Q

varic/o

A

dilated vein

71
Q

pertaining to

A

-ac -al -ar -ic

72
Q

process of

A

-ade -ion

73
Q

conditon of blood

A

-emia

74
Q

inflammation

A

-itis

75
Q

Abnormally large

A

-megaly

76
Q

condition of

A

-osis

77
Q

deoxygenated blood leaves to the lungs through the

A

superior/inferior vena cava

78
Q

air breathes in oxygenates blood through the lungs into the

A

left atrium

79
Q

oxygenated blood flows from the left atrium from the mitral bicuspid valve to the

A

left ventricle

80
Q

the left ventricle sends oxygenated blood through to the

A

aorta

81
Q

the aorta the largest artery of the body sends oxygenated blood to

A

the rest of the cardiovasvular system veins capillaries

82
Q

deoxygenated blood returns to the ____ of the heart through veins

A

right atrium

83
Q

the right atrium sends deoxygenated blood through the tricuspid valve to the

A

right ventricle

84
Q

the right ventrical sends deoxygenated blood back to the

A

lungs to release carbon dioxide and oxygenate the blood again

85
Q

outer lining of the heart

A

epicardium

86
Q

inner muscular layer of the heart

A

myocardium

87
Q

innermost layer of the hear

A

endocardium

88
Q

cardio vascular system consists of

A

heart & blood vessels

89
Q

how hard the heart is pumping blood through the body

A

blood pressure

90
Q

arteries that branch off the aorta

A

coronary arteries

91
Q

-sis

A

state of

92
Q

problem with artery wall bulging outward may rupture

A

aneurysm

93
Q

how many litres does the heart pump daily

A

7571

94
Q

how many heart beats a day

A

100,000

95
Q

how many heart beats a min

A

70 approx

96
Q

heart pumps how many litres per minute

A

5L

97
Q

arteries carry blood away from the heart and ______ carry blood toward the heart

A

veins

98
Q

how many valves does the heart have

A

4

99
Q

sac that surrounds the heart

A

pericardium

100
Q

has glucose/salt/fatty acids/calcium magnesium and potassium refers to fluid bettween spaces of the cells in the tissues

A

interstitial fluid

101
Q

vital role is directing blood through the heart and regulating the heart beat

A

endocardium

102
Q

responsible for the hearts pumping action contracts to pump blood out of the heart/relaxes as the heart refills with returning blood

A

myocardium

103
Q

main role is protect outer surface of the heart/plays important role in hearts injury response to heart disease/provides signals for proper heart formation developing embryo

A

epicardium

104
Q

if blood flow reduction affects a large area or critical organ brain kidneys heart

A

can cause life threatening conditoom

105
Q

sign of blood vessel disorder which include abnormal muscle spasms of the smooth muscles in vessel walls. Occurs at rest. Decrease/block flow to part of heart/can result in chest pain heart attack. Dont have high cholestorol or blood pressure often smokers

A

angiospasms

106
Q

causes of angio spasms

A

tobacco:cold exposure:drugs cocaine:

107
Q

abnormal heart rhythm/condition can cauze too fast or too slow hesrt beat

A

arrhythmia

108
Q

symptoms of arrhytmia

A

fluttering chest/racing heart/slowed beat/chest pain/short of breath/dizziness/sweating/fainting

109
Q

means abnormal heart rhythm but painful

A

dysrhythmia

110
Q

normal hear rate

A

60-90 beats a min

111
Q

difference between palpitations and tachycardia

A

tachy-heart beats increase
palpi-when person feels heart beat through chest

112
Q

heart disease may cause fainting spells these sre referred to as

A

cardiogenic syncope

113
Q

coughin splittkng blood

A

hemoptysis

114
Q

excessive carbon dioxide in blood

A

hypercapnia

115
Q

pain in chest region

A

thoracodynia

116
Q

Transport deoxygenated blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs for oxygenation.

A

coronary arteries

Medical Terminology (6 decks)

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