chapter 8 Cardiovascular System Flashcards
angi/o
blood vessel
aort/o
aorta
arter/o arteri/o
artery
atri/o
atrium
cardi/o
heart
coron/o
crown/circle, heart
my/o myos/o
muscle
pect/o pector/o
chest
valvul/o
little vessel
ven/o
vein
ventricul/o
little belly, ventricle
prefix a-
without absence of
brady
slow
dys-
bad/painful/abnormal/difficult
tachy-
rapid/fast
angi/o
blood vessel
cardi/o
heart
cyan/o
blue
rhythm/o rrhythm/o
rhythm
sten/o
narrow
suffix -a
singular
-algia
condition of pain
-dynia
condition of pain
-genic
pertaining to producing/forming
-ia
condition of
-osis
condition of
-plegia
paralysis
-sis
state of
-spasm
sudden involuntary muscle contraction
Primary symptom of an unsufficent supply of oxygen to the heart is chest pain called (latin chest choke) very slight pressure to an overbearing pain radiating to shoulders upper left arm and back
angina pectoris
narrowing of a blood vessel is a sign of cardiovascular disease causing reduction of blood flow to the part of the body at the receiving end of the narrowed vessel
angiostenosis
a loss of normal rrhythm of the heart
arrythmia
angi/o
any blood vessel vein or artery
aort/o
aorta
ater/o arteri/o
artery
atri/o
left right atrium both recieve blood
coron/o
heart
valvul/o
little valve heart has 4
vas/o
vessel(arteries/veins)
vascul/o
little vessel
ven/o
vein
ventricul/o
ventricle or little belly. Left and right ventricles are the lower chamvers of the heart they pump blood
the cardio vascular system is responsible for:
circulating a continuous supply of oxygen/nutrients to the body, and undending removal of waste products
how long can brain live without oxygen
5 mins
if level of nutrients too high or too low our cells can
become damaged
slow heart/how many beats is normal heart rate under 69 beats per minute
bradycardia 60-90 beats per minute
alternative term for the symptom chest pain
cardiodynia
condition of the heart
cardiogenic
symptom of blue tinge seen in the skin and mucous membranes caused by not enough oxygen in tissues common sign of respiratory failure caused by cardiovascular disease
cyanosis
symptom of pounding racing or skipping of the heartbeat
palpitation (latin a throbbing)
rapid heart rate may symptom of heart disease if heart exceeds 100 beats/min
tachycardia
temporary loss of consciousness. (Fainting) result of temporary reduction of blood flow to the brain(frequent episodes can be sign of cardiovascular disease)
syncope greek to cut short
-genic
generate/produce
chest pain or pressure
angina pectoris
endo-
within
epi-
upon/over/on top/above
hyper-
Excessive
hypo-
deficient
peri-
around
poly-
excessive over many
phleb/o
vein
angi/o
blood vessel
ather/o
fatty plaque
isch
hold back
scler/o
hard
sept/o
putrifyin/wall partition
sten/o
narrow
tampon/o
plug
tens/o
pressure
varic/o
dilated vein
pertaining to
-ac -al -ar -ic
process of
-ade -ion
conditon of blood
-emia
inflammation
-itis
Abnormally large
-megaly
condition of
-osis
deoxygenated blood leaves to the lungs through the
superior/inferior vena cava
air breathes in oxygenates blood through the lungs into the
left atrium
oxygenated blood flows from the left atrium from the mitral bicuspid valve to the
left ventricle
the left ventricle sends oxygenated blood through to the
aorta
the aorta the largest artery of the body sends oxygenated blood to
the rest of the cardiovasvular system veins capillaries
deoxygenated blood returns to the ____ of the heart through veins
right atrium
the right atrium sends deoxygenated blood through the tricuspid valve to the
right ventricle
the right ventrical sends deoxygenated blood back to the
lungs to release carbon dioxide and oxygenate the blood again
outer lining of the heart
epicardium
inner muscular layer of the heart
myocardium
innermost layer of the hear
endocardium
cardio vascular system consists of
heart & blood vessels
how hard the heart is pumping blood through the body
blood pressure
arteries that branch off the aorta
coronary arteries
-sis
state of
problem with artery wall bulging outward may rupture
aneurysm
how many litres does the heart pump daily
7571
how many heart beats a day
100,000
how many heart beats a min
70 approx
heart pumps how many litres per minute
5L
arteries carry blood away from the heart and ______ carry blood toward the heart
veins
how many valves does the heart have
4
sac that surrounds the heart
pericardium
has glucose/salt/fatty acids/calcium magnesium and potassium refers to fluid bettween spaces of the cells in the tissues
interstitial fluid
vital role is directing blood through the heart and regulating the heart beat
endocardium
responsible for the hearts pumping action contracts to pump blood out of the heart/relaxes as the heart refills with returning blood
myocardium
main role is protect outer surface of the heart/plays important role in hearts injury response to heart disease/provides signals for proper heart formation developing embryo
epicardium
if blood flow reduction affects a large area or critical organ brain kidneys heart
can cause life threatening conditoom
sign of blood vessel disorder which include abnormal muscle spasms of the smooth muscles in vessel walls. Occurs at rest. Decrease/block flow to part of heart/can result in chest pain heart attack. Dont have high cholestorol or blood pressure often smokers
angiospasms
causes of angio spasms
tobacco:cold exposure:drugs cocaine:
abnormal heart rhythm/condition can cauze too fast or too slow hesrt beat
arrhythmia
symptoms of arrhytmia
fluttering chest/racing heart/slowed beat/chest pain/short of breath/dizziness/sweating/fainting
means abnormal heart rhythm but painful
dysrhythmia
normal hear rate
60-90 beats a min
difference between palpitations and tachycardia
tachy-heart beats increase
palpi-when person feels heart beat through chest
heart disease may cause fainting spells these sre referred to as
cardiogenic syncope
coughin splittkng blood
hemoptysis
excessive carbon dioxide in blood
hypercapnia
pain in chest region
thoracodynia
Transport deoxygenated blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs for oxygenation.
coronary arteries
