Chapter 8: Budgets & Timelines Flashcards
Research Details and Design
What is research funding dependent on in the U.S.?
In the United States, the amount of government research funding is dependent on the annual federal budget.
Federal agencies make budget request
Congress and the President must approve budget
The most prevalent health issues may not always get funding.
Which agencies are the sources of public health research funding in the U.S.?
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Centers for Disease Control (CDC)
Other divisions are also sources of funding
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA)
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ)
Federal funds can be allocated to states, then distributed within state regions or cities (i.e. transportation funds)
City and regional governments sometimes fund small studies or are partners in larger funded projects
Nonprofit Organizations 501c3’s can accept tax-deductible donations to use as part of their budget- National (American Heart Association ); State Based (Missouri Hospital Association) ; Local ( City Associations) ; Advocacy Agencies
Foundations - non profit organizations donating funds to support other organizations or provide the source of funding for its own charitable purpose.
Business and Industry - the funding often comes from the affiliate foundation, with the focus area tied to the corporations business interest.
What are some examples of U.S. Federal agencies partnering with health and human services to fund public health research
US Department of Agriculture (USDA) - global food supply, nutrition and childhood obesity, and food safety
Department of Defense (DOD) - physical and psychological health of military members and families
Department of Education (DOE) - promotion of student mental health and well-being, development of effective health curricula, and promoting health sleep habits.
Housing and Urban Development (HUD) - healthy and safe homes and neighborhood planning
Department of Transportation - safe streets, active transportation, public transit, safe routes to school and the recreational trail program.
Department of Labor - preventing injuries and diseases , as well as promoting employee health
Veterans Affairs - health services and development of health equity research and promotion
How many different institutes is the NIH made up of and how is it run?
27 different institutes and centers each with a specific focus (disease or bodily system) and its own research agenda.
The office of director prioritizes, plans, manages, coordinates programs within the 27 institutes and centers.
In 2019, NIH funded $39 billion in research through almost 50,000 grants to 2,500 universities, medical schools and institutions
Strict government guidance, requirements, oversight with NIH-funded research
How is the CDC managed and operated?
The CDC uses grants and cooperative agreements to fund research and non-research public health programs and practices.
It implements programs and conducts research to build evidence inform practice, and works to translate the research for improved population health.
In 2019, the CDC spent almost $6.5 billion for programing and research. The CDC sponsors public health research through the Prevention Research Centers (PRC). Research topics include aging, cancer, HIV and sexual health, obesity, physical activity, nutrition, epilepsy, and tobacco use.
What are some things to know about research financing?
Research needs financing!
Public health research is not always a government priority
Healthcare spending often takes precedence over prevention.
There are more visible results from medical care procedures and you can’t see the thousands of heart attacks prevented.
What are some international funding agencies?
International Funding Agencies
Multicountry organizations (Pan American Health Organization) provide opportunities for research funding
International alliances (World Health Organizations)
What role does the World Health Organization play in International Public Health?
WHO is the largest multi-country alliance to promote health.
Build capacity to strengthen health research systems
Support health priorities in the middle and low-income countries
Create norms and standards of good research practice
Ensure quality evidence is translated into affordable health technologies and evidence-informed policy.
What does a research budget accomplish?
A research budget outlines the requires cost and financial plan for projects related expenses. A detailed and accurate budget helps identify and justify the financial support needed for project implementation.
What are the steps involved with creating a research budget?
- Read through the rules and requirements of the funding agency.
- Make a list of all project activities, along with realistic costs related to conducting those activities.
- Calculate direct cost and indirect cost
What are direct cost?
Direct cost are costs directly related to the project, which can be assigned to project activities with a high degree of accuracy.
I.E. Salary of PI and the research team.
What are indirect cost?
Indirect cost are overhead or facilities and administration cost. These cost are not specifically aligned to a specific project or activity but are necessary for the general operation of the organization receiving the grant.
I.E. Space related cost such as utilities, network costs and salaries of support personnel. Universities assess the shared cost of research activity and determine a percentage applied to each grant.
For federal grants, universities negotiate this percentage with the HHS. The set percentage needs to be factored into the total research budget as indirect cost
What are the sections in a budget?
Personnel - P.I, Co-Investigators, Project Managers/coordinators, Staff, Research Assistants. Most expensive budget item
CONSULTANTS ARE NOT CONSIDERED PERSONNEL
FTE or full time equivalent (percent time spent on project) in kind vs paid
Fringe Benefits
Materials and Supplies - consumable items needed for the project. Equipment over $5,000 has own budget category. Careful estimates needed to avoid budget shortages later in the project.
Travel - as part of project or for dissemination. Estimate transportation, lodging, per diem. Institutions ma have other travel requirements/limits
Other - expense not covered in other budget categories, should not be things covered under indirect costs. I.E. Publication Cost
Justification - Narrative explanation of why the amount is needed and how it will be used. Describes responsibilities of key personnel, the reasons for materials and supplies requested, and justification for travel budget.
What is the role of timelines?
Knowing when research activities will occur over the course of the grant project informs budget planning, but also helps to develop the project timeline
Be realistic when planning project activities, as many tasks take longer than expected
Planning helps keep project on track.
