Chapter 8- Blood And Blood Vessels

Question 1

What is the function of arteries?

Answer 1

Arteries carry blood from the heart to the rest of the wall

Question 2

What is the structure of an artery?

Answer 2

1) walls are thick and muscular and have elastic tissue, to stretch ans recoil as the heart beats, which helps maintain high pressure.

2) the inner lining (endothelium) is folded, helps it to maintain the high pressure. Endothelium also prevents friction.

Question 3

What is the structure of Arterioles ?

Answer 3

Arteries branch into arterioles.

1) arterioles have a layer of smooth muscle, but they have less elastic tissue.

2) the smooth muscle allows them to expand or contracts thus controlling the amount of blood flowing to tissues.

Question 4

What is the structure of capillaries?

Answer 4

Arterioles branch into capillaries. One layer of endothelium, so they have adapted for short diffusion distance.

Question 5

What is the structure of venules?

Answer 5

Capillaries connect to venules.

1) they have thin walls that have few muscle cells. The blood is under low pressure. It has elastic fibres

Question 6

What is the function of veins?

Answer 6

Veins take blood back to the heart under low pressure.

Question 7

What is the structure of veins?

Answer 7

1) they have a wide lumen with little elastic or muscle tissue.

2) they have valves to prevent backflow.

3) they have a layer of endothelium.