Chapter 8: Bivariate correlational research

Question 1

bivariate correlation (association)

Answer 1

an association that involves exactly 2 variables

Question 2

analyzing associations when one variable is categorical

Answer 2

• estimating the magnitude of difference between means
• occasionally r might also be used

Question 3

analyzing associations when both variables are measured

Answer 3

the study is correlational and can support an association claim

Question 4

effect size

Answer 4

the strength of the relationship between 2 or more variables

Question 5

restriction of range

Answer 5

the absence of a full range of possible scores on one of the variables, so the relationship from the sample underestimates the true correlation

Question 6

curvilinear relationship

Answer 6

an association between 2 variables which is not a straight line, instead as one variable increases, the level of the other variable inscreases and then decreases (or vice versa)

Question 7

moderator

Answer 7

a variable that, depending on its level, changes the relationship between 2 other variables