Chapter 8 - Binary & Hexadecimal Flashcards
What is a CPU?
central processing unit
What are transistors?
Tiny switches connected in complex circuits. The transistors have 2 states - they are either on or off. By switching between the 2 states, the transistors in a CPU can execute program code
What is binary?
a counting system with two digits, 0 & 1
what does a transistors on state represent?
1
what does a transistors off state represent?
0
What is decimal 173 in binary?
10101101
What is binary 10100110 in decimal
166
what is a Bit?
a binary digit
what is 8 Bits?
1 Byte of data
what is a Byte?
8 bits of data
How do you work out the largest x-bit digit number
2 to the power of x -1
what is data stored as in CPU’s
blocks of 8 digits or 8 bits or 1 Byte
How many Bits make a nibble
2
How many bits make a byte
8
how many nibbles make a byte
4
how many bytes make a kilobyte (kb)
1000
how many kilobytes make a megabyte (mb)
1000
how many megabytes make a gigabyte (gb)
1000
how many gigabytes make a terabyte (tb)
1000
how many terabytes make a petabyte (pb)
1000
what is binary 00110011 + 01100010
10010101
What is 10110110 + 11110010
110101000= 9 bits = overflow error
What is 00111010 / 2
00011101
What is 10111000 / 8
00010111
What is 00101110 x 4
10111000
What is a digital image composed of?
thousands of pixels (picture elements) they are so small they “blend” into one-another, creating the image
image = 300 pixels wide and 800 pixels tall = how many bytes
800 x 300 x 3 = 720,000 bytes of data
What are all pixel colours comprised of?
red, green, blue
What is hexadecimal and why do we use it
It’s a counting system with 16 states: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, F.
It’s easier to represent RGB values using hexadecimal as it only uses 2 states per value compared to binary with its 8 per value (easier for humans to work with binary numbers)
What is 0110 0010 in hexadecimal?
72
what is decimal 73 in hexadecimal?
49
what is hexadecimal #A3 into decimal
163
what is hexadecimal #9 9 into decimal
1001 1001
