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GCSE Computer Science > Chapter 8 - Binary & Hexadecimal > Flashcards

Chapter 8 - Binary & Hexadecimal Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a CPU?

A

central processing unit

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2
Q

What are transistors?

A

Tiny switches connected in complex circuits. The transistors have 2 states - they are either on or off. By switching between the 2 states, the transistors in a CPU can execute program code

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3
Q

What is binary?

A

a counting system with two digits, 0 & 1

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4
Q

what does a transistors on state represent?

A

1

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5
Q

what does a transistors off state represent?

A

0

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6
Q

What is decimal 173 in binary?

A

10101101

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7
Q

What is binary 10100110 in decimal

A

166

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8
Q

what is a Bit?

A

a binary digit

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9
Q

what is 8 Bits?

A

1 Byte of data

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10
Q

what is a Byte?

A

8 bits of data

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11
Q

How do you work out the largest x-bit digit number

A

2 to the power of x -1

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12
Q

what is data stored as in CPU’s

A

blocks of 8 digits or 8 bits or 1 Byte

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13
Q

How many Bits make a nibble

A

2

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14
Q

How many bits make a byte

A

8

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15
Q

how many nibbles make a byte

A

4

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16
Q

how many bytes make a kilobyte (kb)

A

1000

17
Q

how many kilobytes make a megabyte (mb)

A

1000

18
Q

how many megabytes make a gigabyte (gb)

A

1000

19
Q

how many gigabytes make a terabyte (tb)

A

1000

20
Q

how many terabytes make a petabyte (pb)

A

1000

21
Q

what is binary 00110011 + 01100010

A

10010101

22
Q

What is 10110110 + 11110010

A

110101000= 9 bits = overflow error

23
Q

What is 00111010 / 2

A

00011101

24
Q

What is 10111000 / 8

A

00010111

25
Q

What is 00101110 x 4

A

10111000

26
Q

What is a digital image composed of?

A

thousands of pixels (picture elements) they are so small they “blend” into one-another, creating the image

27
Q

image = 300 pixels wide and 800 pixels tall = how many bytes

A

800 x 300 x 3 = 720,000 bytes of data

28
Q

What are all pixel colours comprised of?

A

red, green, blue

29
Q

What is hexadecimal and why do we use it

A

It’s a counting system with 16 states: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, F.
It’s easier to represent RGB values using hexadecimal as it only uses 2 states per value compared to binary with its 8 per value (easier for humans to work with binary numbers)

30
Q

What is 0110 0010 in hexadecimal?

A

72

31
Q

what is decimal 73 in hexadecimal?

A

49

32
Q

what is hexadecimal #A3 into decimal

A

163

33
Q

what is hexadecimal #9 9 into decimal

A

1001 1001

GCSE Computer Science (15 decks)

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