Chapter 8 Acids and Bases Flashcards
What is a acid?
substances that when added to water, increase the concentration of H+
What is a base?
Substances that when added to water, increase the concentration of OH- (hydroxide ion)
Are Acids proton donors or acceptors?
Proton donors (H+)
Are bases proton donors or acceptors?
proton acceptors (H+)
What is a conjugate acid base pair?
it is a two chemical species in which the only difference is a proton
What are six strong acids?
HCl - hydrochloric acid
HBr- hydrobromic acid
HI- hydroidic acid
HNO3- nitric acid
H2SO4- Sulfuric acid
HCIO4- Perchloric acid
What are the six strong bases?
LiOH- Lithium hydroxide
NaOH- Sodium hydroxide
KOH-Potassium hydroxide
RbOH- Rubidium hydroxide
CsOH- Cesium hydroxide
Ba(OH)2- barium hydroxide
What is PH?
a measure of the molar concentration of hydrogen ion [H+] in a solution.
What is the equation to calculate PH from [H+]
pH=-log[H+] or [H+]=10^-PH
What are the equations where pH and pOH are related to one another?
pOH=-log[OH-] and [OH-] = 10^-pOH also pH+pOH=14.00
What are the pH values for acids
<7 [H+]>[OH-] less than 7
What is the equilibrium constant expression?
Ka= [H+][A-]/[HA]
what are the pH values for neutral solutions?
=7 [H+]=[OH-]
what are the pH levels of basic solutions?
> 7 [H+] <[OH-] 7 and above
what is the equilibrium constant for weak bases?
Kb=[BH+][OH-]/[B]
