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Demography > Chapter 8 > Flashcards

Chapter 8 Flashcards

1
Q
  1. A key characteristic of the age transition is that it represents a
    a shift from a very young population to an older population.
    b. a demographic dividend.
    c. the end stage of the overall demographic transition.
    d. a shift from a female majority to a male majority
A

a shift from a very young population to an older population.

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2
Q
  1. The idea that different behavior is expected of people according to their age is an example of
  2. age discrimination.
  3. cohort influences on the age structure.
  4. Marxian thought.
  5. age stratification.
A
  1. age stratification.
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3
Q
  1. Cohort flow captures the idea that
  2. historical events similarly affect people of the same age.
  3. people born at the same time tend to die at the same time.
  4. cohort effects are more important than either period or age effects.
  5. the composition of a population is determined by its pattern of birth cohorts.
A
  1. historical events similarly affect people of the same age.
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4
Q
  1. If we are comparing the rate of pregnancy-related deaths among young adult women now with rates from 50 years ago, we are most likely trying to understand the
  2. age effect.
  3. period effect.
  4. cohort effect.
  5. combined APC effect.
A

Period effect

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5
Q
  1. A young age structure tends to have ____; whereas an older age structure tends to have ______.
  2. more females than males; more males than females
  3. more males than females; more females than males
A
  1. more males than females; more females than males
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6
Q

following countries, ______ has the youngest age structure.

a. Italy
b. Mexico
c. Nigeria
d. the United States

A

Nigeria

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7
Q
  1. The early impact of mortality decline on the age structure is to
  2. make it younger.
  3. make it older.
  4. produce a youth bulge.
  5. produce a middle-age bulge.
A

Make it younger

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8
Q 
8. The long-term impact of a fertility decline on the age structure is to
make it younger.
 make it older. 
produce a youth bulge. 
produce a middle-age bulge
A

Make it older

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9
Q 
If you see an age pyramid that caves in at the younger ages, the most likely explanation is
 declining fertility. 
increasing mortality.
 declining mortality. 
out-migration.
A

declining fertility.

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10
Q

short-term impact of an increase in migration on the age structure is to

  1. make it younger.
  2. make it older.
  3. produce a youth bulge.
  4. produce a middle-age bulge.
A
  1. produce a youth bulge.
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11
Q

demographic dividend is associated with an age structure characterized by

  1. a bulge in the working-age population.
  2. a youth bulge.
  3. age rectangularization.
  4. an hourglass economy age pattern.
A
  1. a bulge in the working-age population.
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12
Q

demographic process most responsible for the demographic dividend is a rapid

  1. drop in infant mortality.
  2. rise in life expectancy.
  3. drop in fertility.
  4. rate of immigration.
A
  1. drop in fertility.
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13
Q

single most important influence on the percent of the population that is older is the

  1. fertility rate.
  2. mortality rate.
  3. migration rate.
  4. none of the above.
A
  1. fertility rate.
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14
Q

country with the greatest number of people aged 65 and older is

  1. China.
  2. Italy.
  3. Japan.
  4. the United States.
A

China

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15
Q

country with the highest percentage of people aged 65 and older is

  1. China.
  2. Italy.
  3. Japan.
  4. the United States.
A

Japan

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16
Q
  1. Almost every aspect of human society varies by age and/or sex.
A

TRUE

17
Q
  1. In most human societies more females are born than males.
A

FALSE

18
Q
  1. In most human societies there are more women at the older ages than there are men.
A

TRUE

19
Q
  1. The impact of mortality decline is more to increase the size of the population than to change the age structure.
A

True

20
Q
  1. The dependency ratio measures the ratio of the population of working age to the population of dependent age.
A

TRUE

21
Q
  1. The impact of fertility decline is more to decrease the size of the population than to change the age structure.
A

FALSE

22
Q
  1. The majority of older people live in the more developed countries.
A

False

23
Q

The difference between the ”third age” and the ”fourth age” is largely a function of the ?

A
  1. Imagination of society
  2. Susceptibility to senescense
  3. Transition from work to retirement
  4. Movement of people into assisted living facilites

Demography (4 decks)

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