Chapter 8 Flashcards
plasma
gas like mixture of positively and negatively charged particles
boyles law
law of which states that if the volume of a container of gas is decreased, the pressure of the gas will increase provided the temperature does not change
Archimedes principle
buoyant force on an object in a fluid is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object
heat of vaporization
the amount of energy needed to change a material from a liquid to a gas
evaporation
changing of a liquid to a gas gradually at temperatures below the boiling point
crystals
repeating geometric arrangement of the particles
states of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
pascal
SI unit of pressure
Bernoulli’s Principle
pressure exerted by a fluid decreases as the velocity of the fluid increases
liquid
water at 25° Celsius
thermal expansion
matter expanding as it gets hotter and contracting when cool
pascals principle
pressure applied to a fluid is transmitted unchanged throughout the fluid
pressure
amount of force exerted per unit of area
heat of fusion
amount of energy it takes to change a solid to a liquid
kinetic theory of matter
idea that matter is made up of tiny particles that are in constant motion
buoyant force
determines whether an object sinks or floats
condensation
changing of a gas to a liquid
solid
physical state of ice
Charles’s law
the volume of a gas increases with increasing temperature providing the pressure does not change
Boyle’s Law
if the volume of a container of gas is decreased, the pressure on the gas will increase if the temperature does not change
Bernoulli’s principle
as the velocity of a fluid increases, the pressure exerted by the fluid decreases
pascal’s principle
pressure applied to a fluid is transmitted unchanged throughout the fluid
kinetic theory of matter
all matter is made of small particles that are in motion
charles’s law
the volume of a gas increases with increasing temperature provided the pressure does not change
Archimedes principle
the buoyant force on an object in a fluid is equal to the weight of the fluid the object displaces
three ways you use fresh water
drinking, bathing, flushing toilet
three substances polluting fresh water supplies
fertilizers, feces, oil, trash
what can you do to reduce water pollution
create less waste, lower fresh water use
how are scientists dealing with water pollution
disposing of industrial and farming by products, laws determining release of and levels of various materials in water supplies
polluted
water that contains high levels of unwanted materials that makes it unacceptable for drinking
