Chapter 8 Flashcards

1
Q

reasons why AD curve is downward sloping

A
  • real balance effect
  • interest rate effect
  • international trade effect
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2
Q

what is the change in the purchasing power of dollar denominated assets?

A

real balance effect

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3
Q

what causes a movement along the AD curve?

A

a change in price level

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4
Q

suppose that consumption increases at each price level. as a result, AD ________, and the AD curve shifts ________

A

increases; rightward

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5
Q

A rise in foreign real national income tends to raise US _______, shifting the US AD curve to the _______

A

exports; right

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6
Q

a decrease in the price of electricity will cause….

A

a rightward shift in the SRAS curve

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7
Q

an increase in the price of oil will cause

A

a leftward shift in the SRAS curve

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8
Q

in the short run, a decrease in wage rates shifts the

A

SRAS curve to the right, causing equilibrium price level to fall and equilibrium real GDP to increase

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9
Q

what would cause a rightward shift in the AD curve?

A

an increase in government purchases of goods and services

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10
Q

the dollar appreciates in value. this makes foreign produced goods ______ for americans ans US produced goods ______ for foreigners. As a result ________ fall and US ________ rise.

A

cheaper, more expensive, exports, imports

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11
Q

foreign real income rises. This raises US _______, which ________ aggregate demand (AD). The AD curve shifts _________.

A

net exports, raises, rightward

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12
Q

What two factors change net exports?

A
  • foreign national income (their income rises, they buy more US goods, the US net exports rise)
  • Exchange rate (dollar appreciation/depreciation)
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13
Q

an adverse supply shock will shift the SRAS to the _____

A

left

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14
Q

what will definitely shift the aggregate demand?

A

business taxes decline and foreign real income rises

-wealth increases and individuals expect higher prices

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15
Q

velocity is the average number of times a dollar is spent to buy _______

A

final goods and services in a year

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16
Q

velocity and money supply are ______, then when one component of spending rises another component of spending _________

A

constant: must fall

17
Q

what is AD?

A

the quantity demanded of all goods and services at different price levels

18
Q

what is the buying side of the economy?

A

Aggregate demand`

19
Q

wat is the producing side of the economy?

A

Aggregate supply

20
Q

what is real balance effect?

A

states inverse relationship between price level and quantity demanded of GDP through monetary wealth
ex. how many units of something you could buy with $50

21
Q

what is purchasing power?

A

quantity of goods and services that can be purchased with a unit of money (refers to real balance effect)

22
Q

What is interest rate effect?

A

relationship between price level and quantity demanded through changes in part of house hold and business spending that is sensitive to interest rates

23
Q

what is international trade effect?

A

change in foreign sector spending as the price level changes. (cheaper US goods, american and foreigners buy more US goods)

24
Q

interest rate effect mainly refers to

A

price level changes

25
What 4 factors affect consumption
wealth, expectations of future prices/income, interest rate, income taxes
26
3 factors that change investment
interest rate, expectations about future sales, business taxes
27
Real wage=
nominal wage (30$ an hour) / price level
28
Quantity supplied of labor is directly related to ________
real wage, if real wage increases quantity of supplied labor increases
29
The quantity demanded of labor is __________ to the real wage
inversely
30
what shifts the SRAS curve?
wage rates price of nonlabor productivity supply shocks
31
What three effects help move along the AD line?
1. Purchasing power effect 2. International trade effect 3. Interest rate effect
32
What creates movement along the AS line?
1. Sticky wages | 2. Real wages= wage/CPI
33
What happens when price goes up?
Real wage goes down and creates inventories to increase production