Chapter 8 Flashcards
Cholecystitis
Inflammation of the gallbladder
chol/e (gall, bile), cyst (bladder), -itis (inflammation)
Colectomy
Surgical incision on part of the colon
col (colon), -ectomy (surgical excision)
Colonoscopy
Visual examination of the colon via a colonoscope
colon/o (colon), -scopy (visual examination, to view, examine)
Colostomy
Literally means “the creation of a new opening into the colon,” preformed for the purpose of evacuating the bowel
col/o (colon), -stomy (new opening)
Crohn disease
Chronic autoimmune disease that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract but most commonly occurs in the ileum
Defecation
Evacuation of the bowel
defecat (to remove, dregs), -ion (process)
Diarrhea
Frequent passage of unformed watery stools
dia- (through), -rrhea (flow)
Diverticulitis
Inflammation of the diverticula (pouches in the walls of an organ) in the colon.
diverticul (diverticula), -itis (inflammation)
Dysentery
An intestinal disease characterized by inflammation of the mucous membrane
dys- (difficult), enter (intestine), -y (pertaining to)
Dyspepsia
Difficulty in digestion; indigestion
dys- (difficult), -pepsia (to digest, digestion)
Dysphagia
Difficulty in swallowing
dys- (difficult), -phagia (to eat, to swallow)
Eructation
Belching
eructat (a breaking out), -ion (process)
Hematemesis
Vomiting of blood
hemat (blood), -emesis (vomiting)
Hematochezia
Passage of stools that contain red blood
Hepatitis
Inflammation of the liver
hepat (liver), -itis (inflammation)
Hepatoma
Tumor of the liver
hepat (liver), -oma (tumor)
Melena
Black, tarry feces (stool) that has a distinctive odor and contains digested blood. Usually results from bleeding in the upper GI tract and can be a sign of a peptic ulcer
Postprandial (PP)
Pertaining to after a meal
post- (after), prand/i (meal), -al (pertaining to)
Ulcerative colitis
Disease that causes inflammation and ulcers in the lining of the large intestine. The inflammation usually occurs in the rectum and lower part of the colon but can affect the entire colon; also called “colitis” or “proctitis”
Volvulus
Twisting of the bowel on itself that causes an obstruction
volvul (to roll), -us (pertaining to)
Cholecystectomy
Surgical excision of the gallbladder
chol/e (gall, bile), cyst (bladder), -ectomy (surgical excision)
