Chapter 8

Question 1

What are the three classifications of joints?

Answer 1

fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial joints

Question 2

Bones joined by fibrous connective tissue and no joing cavity is present. Include sutures, syndesmoses, and gomphoses.

Answer 2

Fibrous Joints

Question 3

Type of fibrous joint that occur only between bones of the skull. They are held together with very short, interconnecting fivers, and bone edgges interlock. Immobile.

Answer 3

Suture

Question 4

Fibrous joints, held together by a ligament. Fibrous tissue can very in length, but is longer. Slightly mobile.

Answer 4

Syndesmosis

Question 5

Fibrous joints, “peg in socket.” Periodontal ligament holds tooth in socket. Immobile.

Answer 5

Gomphosis

Question 6

the articulating bones are united by cartilage and lack a joint cavity and are not highly movable. Two types are synchondroses and symphyses.

Answer 6

Cartilaginous Joints

Question 7

A type of cartilaginous joint with bones united by hyaline cartilage. Example: epiphyseal plates in long bones of children. Immobile.

Answer 7

Synchondrosis

Question 8

A type of cartilaginous joint with bones united by fibrocartilage. Acts as a shock absorber and permits a limited amount of movement at the joint. Examples are the intervertebral joints and the pubic symphysis of the pelvis. Slightly movable.

Answer 8

Symphysis

Question 9

Joints in wich the articulating bones are separated by a fluid-containing joint cavity. Nearly all joints of the limbs fall into this class. Freely moveable.

Answer 9

Synovial Joints

Question 10

6 distinguishing features of synovial joints

Answer 10

Articular cartilage, joint cavity, articular capsule, synovial fluid, reinforcing ligaments, and nerves and blood vessels.

Question 11

Types of Synovial joints

Answer 11

Plane (gliding), hinge (flexion and extension), pivot (rotaion), condylar (flexion and extension, adduction and abduction), saddle (adduction and abduction, flexion and extension) , ball and socket (flexion and extension, adduction and abduction, and rotation)

Question 12

Largest and most complex joint in the body consisting of three joints in one: an intermediate one between the patella and lower end of the femur (femoropatellar), and lateral and medial joints (tibiofemoral joint), and between the femoral condyles above the C-shaped menisci.

Answer 12

Knee Joint Synovial

Question 13

Movements of synovial joints include what movements?

Answer 13

Gliding, angular (flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, circumduction), rotation, supination and pronation, dorsiflexion and plantar flexion of the foot, inversion and eversion, protraction and retraction, elevation and depression, and opposition.

Question 14

The stability of a synovial joint depends on what three factors?

Answer 14

The shapes of the articular sufraces, the number and positioning of ligaments, and muscle tone.