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AP PSYCH CHAPTER 8 > Chapter 8 > Flashcards

Chapter 8 Flashcards

0
Q

Negative reinforcement

A

Increasing a behavior by taking away an aversive stimulus

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1
Q

Positive reinforcement

A

Increasing behavior with a positive stimulus

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2
Q

Primary reinforcers

A

One that satisfies a biological need

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3
Q

Conditioned (secondary) reinforcers

A

One that has been paired with a primary reinforcer and has acquired value and reinforcement

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4
Q

Positive punishment

A

Adding something unpleasant that decreases the likelihood the behavior will happen again

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5
Q

Negative punishment

A

Withdraw a desirable stimulus to decreases the likelihood the behavior will be repeated

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6
Q

Continuous reinforcement

A

Every time the desired behavior occurs, it is reinforced

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7
Q

Fixed ratio schedules

A

Specific number of correct responses is required before reinforcements occur

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8
Q

Variable ratio schedules

A

Unpredictable, number

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9
Q

Fixed interval

A

Predicted, time

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10
Q

Variable interval

A

Unpredictable, time

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11
Q

Punishment

A

When an unpleasant consequence decreases the likelihood the behavior will be repeated

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12
Q

Cognitive map

A

Making out where things are

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13
Q

Intrinsic motivation

A

Doing it for you

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14
Q

Extrinsic motivation

A

Doing it for a good grade

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15
Q

Modeling

A

The process of observing and imitating a specific behavior

16
Q

Albert bandura

17
Q

Acquisition

A

Initial learning of the stimulus

18
Q

Discrimination

A

Distinguish between conditioned and irrelevant

19
Q

Shaping

A

Reinforced desired behavior (shape them how u want them)

20
Q

B F Skinner

A

Operant chamber, rats, influential and controversial

21
Q

Law of effect

A

Thorndike, favorable consequences

22
Q

Conditioned response (CR)

A

Salivary reflex, learning between tone and food

23
Q

Unconditioned stimulus (US)

A

Food that triggers salivary reflex

24
Q

Unconditional response (UR)

A

Food into mouth automatically triggers salivary reflexes

25
Q

Behaviorism

A

More mental

26
Q

John Garcia

A

Taste aversion, PHD

27
Q

Extinction

A

When it no longer signals an unconditional response

28
Q

Operant conditioning

A

Behavior is strengthened if followed by a reinforcer or diminished if followed by a punisher

29
Q

Generalization

A

Respond similar to conditioned stimulus

30
Q

Spontaneous recovery

A

Suppressing not eliminating

31
Q

Conditional stimulus (CS)

A

A learned response

32
Q

Taste aversion

A

Bad experience less likely to eat again

33
Q

Responding behavior

A

Occurs as an automatic response to some stimuli

34
Q

Classical conditioning

A

Ivan pavlov, dog experiment

35
Q

Thorndike

A

Law of effect

36
Q

Operant behavior

A

Environment, consequences

37
Q

Learning

A

Relatively permanent response, change in an organisms behavior

38
Q

Associative learning

A

Linking 2 events

AP PSYCH CHAPTER 8 (1 decks)

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