chapter 8 Flashcards
life cycle
species of life cycle adult - reproduction- adulthood again
name some benefits of asexual reproduction
fast and simple
inexpensive in terms of cell requirements
will work when environmental issues are tough
name the drawback of asexual reproduction
no genetic diversity
name the benefits of sexual reproduction
genetic diversity
name the drawbacks of sexual reproduction
not simple or fast
very expensive in terms of cell requirements
what are the two types of cell division
mitosis and meiosis
what is mitosis
cell division that is equal in genetic quality and equal in cytoplasmic quantity. this results in the formation of two identical daughter cells. occurs throughout the body.
what is meiosis
cell division resulting in the chromosome number being reduced by half.
what are chromosomes
thread like gene carrying structure only visible during cell division
karyokinesis what is it
the division of the nucleus when sister chromatids separate
cytokinesis what is it
division of the cytoplasm
what happens in interphase
the cell grows, chromatin is visible, DNA is replicated (s phase)
what are the four parts of mitosis
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
what happens in prophase
centrioles separate, spindle fibers form, chromatids are formed.
what happens in metaphase
chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
what happens in anaphase
spindle fibers pull the chromosomes apart
what happens in telophase
cell pinches to form two daughter cells
end of mitosis
what is the difference in animal cells and plant cells during telophase
animal cells pinch at the cleavage furrow and plant cells form a cell plate to divide the cell.
